Scandium and Scandium Alloys James Addison MEEN 3344 Introduction to Material Science Fall 2008

Scandium (Sc) Physical properties Phase solid Density (near r.t.) 2.985 g·cm−3 Liquid density at m.p. 2.80 g·cm−3 Melting point 1814 K (1541 °C, 2806 °F) Boiling point 3109 K (2836 °C, 5136 °F) Heat of fusion 14.1 kJ·mol−1 Heat of vaporization 332.7 kJ·mol−1 Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 25.52 J·mol−1·K−1 Young's modulus 74.4 GPa Shear modulus 29.1 GPa Bulk modulus 56.6 GPa Poisson ratio 0.279 Brinell hardness 750 MPa CAS registry number 7440-20-2 Scandium is Latin for Scandinavia, where it was first discovered in 1869 Scandium is a rare, hard, silvery, rough, very dark metallic element that develops a slightly yellowish or pinkish tint when exposed to air First prepared in its metallic form in 1937

Applications Mainly used in aluminum alloys for Night Guard™ Features • Strong, Lightweight Scandium Alloy Frames Mainly used in aluminum alloys for Aerospace components Sports equipment (bikes, golf clubs, bats, firearms) Also used in high intensity lights Scandium Iodide added to mercury vapor lamps for TV cameras Some types of light bulbs According to http://www.scandium.org, scandium provides the highest increment of strengthening per atomic percent of any alloying element when added to aluminum

Why Use Scandium? Titanium is similar in weight and strength and is much more common (cheaper) than scandium. When added to aluminum, scandium lowers the rate of recrystallization and grain-growth in weld heat-affected zones. Scandium does increase an aluminum alloy strength somewhat, but is primarily added for the benefit of stronger welds. Scandium-aluminum alloys originally used on Russian submarine-launched ballistic missiles Made strong missile nose cones and strong tail fin welds enabling missiles to pierce arctic ice caps when launched from below the surface

Material Cost Scandium MetalsSc CAS#: 7440-20-2, m.p. 1539 0C, b.p. 2730 0C, Density 3.0 gm/cm3 Silvery white metal, light weight and high melting point, soft and ductile, develop a yellow or pink tint when exposed to air. Item No. Description Purity (Sc/TREM) Lot Size US$ ME21-4N Scandium Metals Lump, Sublimed dendritic 99.99% 100 g 500 g 1,000 g 8.60/g 6.86/g 5.42/g Ask for a Quotation ME21P-4N Scandium Metal Powder -40, -100, -325 mesh or other sizes Ask for a Quotation ME21ST-4N Scandium Metal Sputtering Target Disks, Plates, and other shapes. 1 pcs 10 pcs 100 pcs ME21-4N5 99.995% 10.14/g 8.88/g 6.64/g Ask for a Quotation ME21-5N 99.999% 14.28/g 10.60/g

Thank you for your time Any Questions. References http://en. wikipedia