Head your next clean page:

 If the note is in ALL italics, you don’t need to write it down…

A 1491 map of the world: what do you notice?

Christopher Columbus  Columbus hoped that by sailing west he could find a short-cut route to the Spice Islands near India (*note: most navigators at this time were sailing south and east to Asia)

Christopher Columbus  After failing to gain the support of Italy and Portugal, Columbus finally secured the backing of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain  Columbus’s mission was to sail west to Asia– he was to bring back items of value and to claim any lands he explored for Spain

Christopher Columbus  In August 1492, Columbus set sail with 3 ships (Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria), 90 sailors, and a year’s worth of supplies

Christopher Columbus  On October 12, 1492 Columbus’s ships landed on an island in the Bahamas  Columbus claimed the island and named it San Salvador (“Holy Savior”)  Believing he had reached islands near India, Columbus pronounced the native peoples “Indians.”  Really, the natives were the Taino.

Image Analysis  Take a look at the painting on the next slide  The artist portrays Columbus as a hero.  Identify as many aspects of the painting that confirm the artist’s opinion of Columbus.

Another perspective on Columbus…  Write at the top of your next clean page: Encounter by Jane Yolen.  Make a four column chart. Write one question in each box: 1. From what perspective is the story Encounter told? Record evidence. 2. What do the Taino give to the Spanish? List. 3. What do the Spanish give to the Taino? List. 4. Write a summary of the book (beginning, middle, end). Include the perspective expressed in the book. Native or European?

The Legacy of Columbus  Between 1492 and 1502, Christopher Columbus sailed to the New World 4 times– he claimed much land for Spain and came into contact with many Native Americans.  The voyages of Columbus changed the way Europeans looked at the world.  European countries raced to send explorers to explore the “New World” that Columbus “discovered.”  Spain, Portugal, England, France, and the Netherlands all sent explorers to claim land in the New World.  If Columbus “discovered” America, then how did America get its name? In 1501, an explorer for Spain, Amerigo Vespucci, sailed along the coast of South America– based on his journals a German map-maker named the land “America”

Post Columbus Map of the World (1507) the first map to label “America”

The Legacy of Columbus  As a result of Columbus’s voyages, a new era of interaction began between Europe and the Americas  Europeans even began to create settlements in the New World called colonies  These European explorers and settlers took plants and animals with them to the Americas  They also brought back to Europe plants and animals they found in the Americas  This transfer of people, plants, animals and diseases between the Old World and New World became known as the Columbian Exchange in honor of Columbus.

The Legacy of Columbus  Title the next page in your notebook: “The Columbian Exchange.”  Turn to page 27 in the paperback atlas.  You need to create this map in your notebook—as best as you can…including: *Sketch New World/Old World continents *Label the continents *Color code the New and Old Worlds *Label the oceans/lightly shade the oceans blue *List/identify the products that were transferred *Create your key

Head the next clean page: Cooking with the Columbian Exchange Make a full page chart like this with four rows. ( Recipe for __________________ Old World ingredients New World ingredients Ingredients of unknown origin Would this dish be possible before the Columbian Exchange? Why or why not? Use specific ingredients.

Do Now: Where Did They Go?  Imagine that you are a Taino person and you have the ability to “see” into the future. You “see” that virtually all of your Taino people will die out as a result of contact between the Europeans. You “see” that Christopher Columbus will earn credit for “discovering” America and will even get a holiday in the USA and many places named in his honor.  Write Columbus a letter about what you “see” and how you feel about all of this.

Head your next clean page : Guns, Germs, and Steel  Divide your paper with a horizontal line.  Write at the top: Why were European diseases (such as small pox, measles, the flu) so deadly to Native Americans but not the other way around?  Write below the line: How did Europeans get the diseases in the first place?  VWYdE VWYdE

Where Did They Go?  As you read the article, highlight the statistics and evidence used to show how many Native Americans died as a result the Columbian Exchange.  Underline important facts and ideas.  Circle words that confuse you.  Write text to text, text to self, and text to world connections in the margins.

Write at the top of your next page : Genocide?  Genocide is “the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group.” --- Oxford English Dictionary.

20 th Century Genocide Examples

Where Did They Go?  Using your background knowledge and evidence from America Before Columbus, the video clip from Guns, Germs, and Steel, and the Where did they go? Article, write and respond to this prompt thoughtfully in an at least 6 sentence paragraph.  Did genocide occur during the Great Convergence era (1400s-1600s) in the New World as a result of European contact? Why or why not?