10/25/20151 Biodiesel Use in Engines John Nowatzki Extension Ag Machine Systems Specialist North Dakota State University

210/25/2015 Biodiesel Use in Engines Use in Engines Cold Weather Issues Warranties Emissions Storage

310/25/2015 Biodiesel Fuel Characteristics Biodiesel B100 Biodiesel B20 Biodiesel B5 Petrodiesel #2 BTU/gal 118,296127,259128,200129,500 Cetane Number CFPP (winter blend) -10 (winter blend) -26 (winter blend) $ Value (BTU content)

410/25/2015 Biodiesel Use in Engines Petroleum diesel 140,000 Btu/gallon Biodiesel 130,000 Btu/gallon 1.1 Gallons of Biodiesel to do Same Work

510/25/2015 Biodiesel Use in Engines Viscosity (Thickness)  Water - 1 cP (centipoise)  Summer Blend Diesel - 3 cP  Biodiesel - 5 cP  Crude Vegetable Oil – 40 cP  Poor Atomization  Deposits - Piston Rings, Valves and Injectors.

610/25/2015 Biodiesel Use in Engines Solvency  Removes Deposits in Fuel System  Plug Fuel Filters  Deposits to Accumulate in Fuel Tanks

710/25/2015 Biodiesel Use in Engines Lubricity  Mix with Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel  1 % with No. 2 Diesel  2 % with No. 1 Diesel

810/25/2015 Cold Weather Issues Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) Cloud Point  Soybean Biodiesel ~ +30° F  No. 1 Diesel ~ -35° F When Biodiesel Nears the Cloud Point:  Anti-gel Additives or No. 1 Diesel  Fuel-Line or In-Tank Heaters  Insulate Fuel Lines and Filters  Store Equipment in Heated Buildings

910/25/2015 Engine Warranties B5 Blends ASTM Standards

1010/25/2015 Engine Emissions Generally Fewer Harmful Emissions  Hydrocarbon - 67 percent less  Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide  48 percent less  Nitrogen Oxide – 10 percent more  Carbon Dioxide – 60 percent Less

1110/25/2015 Storing Biodiesel 6-12 Months Cold Storage – Big Problem! High Solvency – Loosens Tank Deposits Prevent Water Contamination Store in Dark Conditions Analyze if Stored for Longer Period

1210/25/2015 Summary Excellent Fuel for Diesel Engines 8 % Less Energy Fewer Harmful Emissions Higher Viscosity Some Solvency Problems Good Lubricating Qualities Serious Cold Weather Issues

1310/25/2015 More Information John Nowatzki Extension Ag Machine Systems Specialist North Dakota State University Telephone: