What affects the strength of an electromagnet? By: Merly Lopez

Hypothesis If I put an electromagnet in an oven, my results would be that it’s strength would change, then it will pick up more paperclips than usual.

Research Paper (Magnetic Dipoles) Electromagnetism- Electromagnetism is the force that causes the interaction between electrically charged particles; the areas in which this happens are called electromagnetic fields.  Magnetic Field- A magnetic field is a mathematical description of the magnetic influence of electric currents and magnetic materials. Magnet- A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. Electromagnet- An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric current. Electric current- Electric current is a flow of electric charge through a medium

Research Paper (cont.) An electric current flowing in a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire. To concentrate the magnetic field, you wrap a wire (I used insulated wire) around an iron core (I used a nail). It then produces the magnetic field making it pick up the paperclips. The magnetic field of an electromagnet is created by the flow of electric current through a coiled wire. The higher the temperature is, the greater the resistance that’s in the wire, which means less current and a weaker magnetic field.

Independent Variable Everybody knows that the independent variable is the variable you are purposely changing. In this case the independent variable is the temperature.

Dependent Variable A dependent variable is the variable that is changing because of the independent variable. My dependent variable is the strength of the electromagnet

Controlled Variables The amount of time I wrap the wire around the battery The type of battery The thickness of insulated wire Amount of space in room Size of nail

Procedures Gather up all materials. Create an electromagnet Put it in the oven for 3 min on 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Then, put paperclips on a flat surface and record how many paperclips the electromagnet attracts. After, let the electromagnet cool and then put it in the refrigerator for 3 min on 30 degrees Fahrenheit. Then, repeat the 4th step.

Materials Battery Insulated Wire 6 in. nail Oven Refrigerator Paperclips

Results/Data I counted the number of paperclip each magnet attracted. I put the Electromagnet in the oven with 90 degrees Fahrenheit for 3 min. For the cool I Put the electromagnet in the freezer with a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius for 3 min.

Conclusion My hypothesis was accepted, temperature does affect the strength of an electromagnet.

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