POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD. An Overview of SOUTHERN REGION GRID OPERATION By D.K.Guru & S.P.Barnwal SRLDC, BANGALORE

INTRODUCTION EVOLUTION OF PS IN INDIA ELECTRICITY ACTS I/C 1947 & AT PRESENT GROWTH OF I/C GROWTH OF INDIAN POWER SECTOR FORMS OF POWER GROWTH PLANS RLDC POWERGRID IN SR IEGC PARAMETERS FREE GOVERNOR OPERATION ABT

LINKS ANDHRA PRADESHKARNATAKA KERALATAMIL NADU SR GRID HIGHLIGHTS SR INSTALLED CAPACITY STATEWISE BREAKUP OF I/C TYPICAL CITY LOADS GROWTH OF I/C & PEAK DEMAND IMPORT THROUGH HVDC INTER-REGIONAL IMPORTS FREQ SPECTRUM U/F RELAY VOLTAGE SPECTRUM SR GRID MAP 3D FREQUENCY JULY-03 EXPECTED T/L EXPECTED GENERATION INTER-STATE TIE LINES SHARE ALLOCATION TALCHER CGS GEN COST INTER-REGIONAL IMPORTS 6 Yrs PROBLEMSSOLUTIONSRESERVOIR POSITION Hierarchy of ULDC Communication Channel Control Centres ULDC PROJECT 3D DEMAND JULY-03 INTER-REGIONAL LINKS MILESTONES OF SRSPARE POST ABT

ANDHRA PRADESH QUICK FACTS GRID HIGHLIGHTS INSTALLED CAPACITY CONSUMER PROFILE PROBLEMS GZK EVACUATION VTS & LANCO EVACUATION KTS EVACUATION TWIN CITY RING MAIN HYDRO THERMAL N’SAGAR & SRISAILAM RESERVOIR JALAPUT RESERVOIR EXPECTED GEN. ADDITIONS EXPECTED TRANS. ADDITIONS COST OF GENERATORS NATURAL ADVANTAGES POWER REFORMS 3D DEMAND JULY-03 REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT

KARNATAKA QUICK FACTS GRID HIGHLIGHTS INSTALLED CAPACITY CONSUMER PROFILE PROBLEMS RTPS EVACUATION KAPS & NJPH EVACUATION NELAMANGALA FINAL NELAMANGALA PRESENT SHARAVATHY FINAL SHARAVATHY RIVERS AND RESERVOIRS 220KV T/L EXPECTED EXPECTED GEN. ADDITIONS 400KV T/L 3D DEMAND JULY-03 VARIABLE COSTS EVOLUTION PSP 1975 PSP 1985 PSP 1995 SHORT CKT LEVEL

KERALA QUICK FACTS GRID HIGHLIGHTS INSTALLED CAPACITY CONSUMER PROFILE PROBLEMS WIND MILL POTENTIAL GENERATION SCHEME GROWTH OF PER CAPITA INCOME INFLOWS OF IDDUKI & KAKKI BREAKUP OF ENERGY CONSUMED GROWTH OF I/C Vs DEMAND GROWTH OF GEN & CONSUMPTION POWER MAP EXPECTED GEN. ADDITIONS 3D DEMAND JULY-03 VARIABLE COSTS

TAMIL NADU QUICK FACTS GRID HIGHLIGHTS INSTALLED CAPACITY CONSUMER PROFILE PROBLEMS PROXIMICITY OF GENERATING STN. LOAD CENTRES TYPICAL LOADS IN MAIN CITIES LIST OF HYDRO STATIONS PUMP STORAGE WIND ENERGY CHENNAI SUPPLY TOTAL INFLOWS EXPECTED GEN. ADDITIONS EXPECTED TRANS. ADDITIONS 3D DEMAND JULY-03 VARIABLE COSTS

SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID ▀ Comprises four States and Union Territory of Pondicherry 1.ANDHRA PRADESH 2.KARNATAKA 3.KERALA 4.TAMIL NADU 5.Union Territory of Pondicherry ▀ Centre Generating Stations in the Region are Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Stn. : 2,100 MW (200x x3) Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd. - II : 1,470 MW (210 x 7) Neyveli TPS I (Expansion) : 420 MW (210 X 2) Madras Atomic Power Station : 340 MW (170 x 2) Kaiga Generating Station : 440 MW (220 x 2)

SR GRID MAP KHAMMAM VIJAYAWADA NAGARJUNASAGAR VISAKHAPATNAM (POWERGRID) HYDERABAD RAICHUR GOOTY HOODY SALEM UDUMALPET TRICHUR MADURAI TRICHY MADRAS NEYVELI CUDDAPAH DAVANAGERE KAIGA RSTPP BHADRAVATI 130x2 164x x2 PONDICHERY BANGALORE SIRSI MUNIRABAD P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P N KOLAR PALLOM KAYANKULAM EDAMON TALCHER JEYPORE x78 2x HOSUR KADRA KODASAALY Nagjhari MAPS P SSLMM MMDP THIRUVANATHAPURAM ALMATHI NELLORE 400 KV LINE PRESENTLY OPERATED AT 220 KV NELAMANGALA KURNOOL GAZUWAKA(AP) SIMHADRI NTPC HIRIYUR x x2 221x2 146x2 52x2 197x2 301x2 8x4 15x TALAGUPPA

POWERGRID SRLDC T A.P KAR T.N KER MAH ORISSA RAMAGUNDAM NEYVELI MAPS GOA PONDICHERRY HVDC BI POLE HVDC B2B STATION CENTRAL GEN.STATION CHANDRAPUR JEYPORE GAZUWAKA KOLHAPUR BELGAUM U.SILERU L.SILERU BALIMELA BARSUR 220 kV LINE 400 kV LINE M.P 110 kV HVDC LINE AMBEWADI INTER REGIONAL LINKS KOLAR TALCHAR KAIGA

INTER REGIONAL IMPORTS (MU)

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SOUTHERN REGION AS ON IN MW 28711MW

STATE/CGSHYDROTHERMALGASWINDIPPNUCLEARTOTAL ANDHRA PRADESH KARNATAKA KERALA TAMIL NADU PONDY 32 NTPC 2100 TALCHER Stage II 500 NLC TS II 1470 NLC TPS I (Exp) 420 MAPS 340 KAIGA 440 TOTAL IN % 36%48%3%0.1%10%3% INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW AS ON 1 ST AUG 03

STATEWISE BRAKUP OF INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR AS ON IN MW 28711MW

Installed Capacity-28,711MW Average Daily Consumption- 368 MU Average Grid Frequency HZ Peak Demand Met-20,428 MW Demand Deficit- 10 % Energy Deficit- 7 % SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID HIGHLIGHTS

TYPICAL LOADS OF MAJOR CITIES (MW) CITYLOAD BANGALORE MW HYDERABAD- SECUNDERABAD MW CHENNAI MW THIRUVANANTHAPURAM225 MW

Growth of Installed Capacity & Peak Demand Met Average Rate of Growth of Installed Capacity (MW): 4.5 % Average Rate of Growth of Peak Demand met (MW): 5.6 %

IMPORT THROUGH HVDC 77 Crores 298 Crores 430 Crores 578 Crores 829 Crores 846 Crores

– FROM ER FROM WR FROM MSEB FROM GRIDCO (Orissa) FROM CSEB TOTAL IN MUs INTER REGIONAL LINKS

FREQUENCY SPECTRUM FOR (UPTO JULY-03) LAST FOUR YEARS

Frequency Profile: Last 4 years

AUTOMATIC UNDER FREQUENCY LOAD SHEDDING SCHEME As per 131 st SRE Board meeting, under frequency relays are to be set to operate in 3 stages at 48.2Hz, 48.0Hz & 47.8Hz instantaneous. Present Status of relief through U/F relays: Sl.NoSTATE 48.2 Hz./Inst 48.0 Hz./Inst Hz./Inst. 1 Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Off peak-Peak Off peak-Peak Off peak-Peak 3Kerala Off peak-Peak Off peak-Peak Off peak-Peak 4Tamil Nadu Total

VOLTAGE SPECTRUM FOR

PROBLEMS LOW GRID FREQUENCY LOW GRID FREQUENCY LOW VOLTAGES LOW VOLTAGES HEAVY MVAR DRAWALS HEAVY MVAR DRAWALS CAPACITOR INSTALLATION-BACKLOG CAPACITOR INSTALLATION-BACKLOG MEAGRE RELIEF FROM AUFR’S MEAGRE RELIEF FROM AUFR’S RELUCTANCE - MANUAL LOAD SHEDDING RELUCTANCE - MANUAL LOAD SHEDDING TRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS TRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS EVACUATION PROBLEMS EVACUATION PROBLEMS TRUNK LINES LOADING TRUNK LINES LOADING LITTLE OR NO REDUNDANCY LITTLE OR NO REDUNDANCY PROTECTION CO-ORDINATION PROTECTION CO-ORDINATION GRID GRID DEFENCELESS DEFENCELESS VULNERABLE VULNERABLE

SOLUTION MAINTAIN FREQ BETWEEN HZ MAINTAIN FREQ BETWEEN HZ ACCELERATE SHUNT CAPACITOR INSTALLATION ACCELERATE SHUNT CAPACITOR INSTALLATION REINSTATE 2 STAGE UFR’S REINSTATE 2 STAGE UFR’S PROTECTION CO-ORDINATION PROTECTION CO-ORDINATION AUGMENTATION OF TRANSMISSION AUGMENTATION OF TRANSMISSION SCIENTIFIC SETTLEMENT SYSTEM-ABT SCIENTIFIC SETTLEMENT SYSTEM-ABT FREE GOVERNOR MODE FREE GOVERNOR MODE SELF HEALING MECHANISM SELF HEALING MECHANISM CONJUNCTION CONJUNCTION

MILE STONES NTPC U # 1 200MW NTPC U # 1 200MW NLC II U # 3 210MW NLC II U # 3 210MW MAPS U # 1 235MW MAPS U # 1 235MW KGS U # 2 220MW KGS U # 2 220MW AP VTPS U # 1 210MW AP VTPS U # 1 210MW KAR RTPS U # 1 210MW KAR RTPS U # 1 210MW TN TTPS U # 1 210MW DEC-1978 TN TTPS U # 1 210MW DEC-1978 KER KyTPS U#1 115MW KER KyTPS U#1 115MW CHANDRAPUR B t B CHANDRAPUR B t B GAZUWAKA B t B GAZUWAKA B t B TALCHER-KOLAR HVDC TALCHER-KOLAR HVDC

RLDC,Bangalore KalamasseryHyderabad Bangalore Chennai Cuddapah Warangal Vijayawada Kalam’erry Kannur Trivandrum Chennai Erode Madurai Bangalore Davangere Hubli CPCC SCC, Pondy Hyderabad Hierarchy of The ULDC Scheme in Southern Region Andhra KeralaTamilnaduKarnataka

Communication Channel for Information flow Sub-LDC SLDC RLDC SLDC Sub-LDC RTU Wide Band / PLCC Commn Wide Band Commn Wide Band Commn (MW / FO) RTU

Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Kerala Tamilnadu UT of Pondy Vijayawada Warangal HYDERABAD Ghanapur Chinkampalli CHENNAI Pondy Madurai Kannur-B KALAMASSERY Vydyuthi Bhavanam Erode MW Link FO Link State owned Link Sub-LDC SLDC RLDC Hubli Davangeree Bangalore Information Flow to Control Centres Satellite Ramagundam

RAMAGUNDAM SOUTHERN REGION OVERALL TELECOM BACKBONE NETWORK CENTRAL SECTOR RTUs 27(NEW) SALEM400 UDUMALPET TRICHUR NORTH MADURAI TRICHY SRIPERUMBUDUR NEYVELI DAVANAGERE PONDY SOMANAHALLI P N PALLOM KAYANKULAM VIJAYAWADA TALLAPALLI GAJUWAKA HYDERABAD GOOTY CHINAKAMPALLY WARANGAL PEDAPALLI DURSHED JAMMIKUNTA VTPS VIZAG SWS KAKINADA BOMMUR BHIMADOLE N’SAGAR PH SRISAILAM PH SRISAILAM LBPH KURNOOL SOMAYAJULAPALLI MUDDANOOR RTPP ANANTHAPUR SHAPURNAGAR GHANAPUR CH.GUTTA HYDERABAD 400 CHALAKUDI KALAMASSERY VIAKKAM KUNDARA PARIPALLI TRIVANDRUM NORTH VYDYUTHI BHAVANAM KOZHIKODE KANNUR - B MADURAI400 CHENNAI CHIDAMBARAM MYLADUTURAI SALEM230 ERODE SIVAGANGA KARAIKUDI THIRUMAYAM PUDUKOTTAI THIRUVARUR TANJORE KOVILVENNI ADANIKOTTAI INGUR PONGALORE PANRUTI VILLIANUR SP.KOVIL BANGALORE KUMBALGODI HUBLI APTRANSCO RTUs 82(NEW) TNEB RTUs 40 (NEW) 35 (EXST) KSEB RTU’S 30(NEW) KPTCL RTUs 22 (NEW) 21 (EXST) PONDY RTUs 5 (NEW) 10 (EXST) RSCC (1) CPCC (1) SLDC (4) SUB-LDC / SCC (14) FIBRE OPTIC LINK 110/132kv FIBRE OPTIC LINK (220kv) FIBRE OPTIC LINK (400kv) FIBRE OPTIC LINK (SEB) MICROWAVE LINK (39 links) SATELLITE LINK (KEB) RTU LOCATIONS (201)

REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT 1.TAP POSITION OF 400KV ICTs AT GAZUWAKA, VIJAYAWADA, KHAMMAM & HYDERABAD CHANGED. 2.MVAR INJECTION(220KV TO 400KV) THROUGH ICT AT GAZUWAKA BUS REVERSED. 3.MVAR EXPORT(400KV TO 220KV) THROUGH ICT AT VIJAYAWADA, KHAMMAM & HYDERABAD INCREASED. 4.APTRANSCO REPORTED IMPROVEMENT IN 220KV VOLTAGE PROFILE & REDUCTION IN LOSS BY 1%(APPROX.)

DateTAP POSITION CHANGED Stations 11-July12-July26-July29-July Gazuwaka 9 to 1212 to 14 Vijayawada 11 to 1414 to 16 Khammam 8 to 11 Ghanapur 5,4,3 to 7,6,5 7,6,5 to 9,8,7 REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT DATE GazuwakaVijayawadaKhammamGhanapur MvarhMvarMvarhMvarMvarhMvarMvarhMvar 08-Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul TOTAL

VARIABLE COST OF SOME POWER STATION OF CENTRAL SECTOR POWER STATION/UNIT VARIABLE COST (Ps) KAIGA GEN. STATION310 (Total Cost) NEYVELI-II STG-II176 NEYVELI-II STG 1122 RAMAGUNDAM T.P.S91 M.A.P.S KALPAKAM57

CENTRAL SECTOR GENERATION EXPECTED RAMAGUNDAM STAGE III TALCHER STAGE II500 TOTAL THERMAL500 IN MW

POWERGRID TRANSMISSION LINES EXPECTED 400KV MADURAI TRIVANDRUM IN CKM

RESERVOIR POSITION LEVEL IN MTS LEVEL30JUN03LEVEL30JUN02 JALAPUT LINGANMAKKI SUPA IDUKKI KAKKI NILGIRIS TOTAL ENERGY30JUN03ENERGY30JUN02 DIFF IN MU % DIFF

SHARE ALLOCATION BEFORE TALCHER(2000MW) IN MW

220KV INTER STATE TIE-LINES IN SERVICE –Tandur (AP) – Sadem (Kar) -Radial load on AP. –Gooty (AP) – Alipur (Kar)-Radial load on AP. –Chittoor (AP) – Tiruvalam (TN)-Radial load on AP. –Sulurpet (AP) – Gummidipundi (TN)-Radial load on AP. –Theni (TN) – Muzhiyar (Ker)-Radial load on Ker. ADVANTAGES: -REDUCTION IN CONGESTION IN 400KV LINES -IMPROVEMENT IN VOLTAGE PROFILE -REDUCTION IN LOSSES -REDUCTION IN ANGULAR DIFFERENCE -BETTER STABILITY

KARNATAKA

South India

THE FIRST POWER STATION IN SOUTH ASIA- SIVANSAMUDRA 1902

EVOLUTION: DID YOU KNOW? : ASIA’S FIRST HYDRO GENERATING STATION AT SHIVANSAMUDRA-42 MW SIVANSAMUDRA WAS CONNECTED TO KGF BY A 78.5 KV D/C LINE. POWER WAS DELIVERED AT 25 HZ!!! KGF SIVA A 78.5 KV D/C LINE WAS ALSO LAID BETWEEN SIVANSAMUDRA AND MYSORE. A FREQUENCY CONVERTER AT MYSORE DELIVERED 50 HZ! MYSORE

EVOLUTION: YEAR-1975 KOLHAPUR BELGAUM BANGALORE HUBLI SHARAVATHY MANGALORE MYSORE SHIMOGA SHARAVATHY MW MUNIRABAD MW TB DAM MW BHADRA MW SIVA MW SHIMSHA MW MGHE MW

EVOLUTION -YEAR:1985 PEAK DEMAND MET: 1769 MW PEAK DEMAND MET: 1769 MW CONSUMPTION :9546 MU CONSUMPTION :9546 MU ABOUT 26 MU/DAY ABOUT 26 MU/DAY HYDRO GENERATION:8415 MU HYDRO GENERATION:8415 MU RTPS UNIT 1 SYNCH’D ON 29/3/1985 RTPS UNIT 1 SYNCH’D ON 29/3/1985 INSTALLED CAPACITY: INSTALLED CAPACITY: HYDRO:2009MW HYDRO:2009MW THERMAL210 MW THERMAL210 MW TOTAL2219 MW TOTAL2219 MW GRIDMAP 1985

EVOLUTION -YEAR:1985 KARNATAKA IN PARALLEL WITH MAHARASHTRA- BLGM-KOLHAPUR D/C LINE- SINCE AUG 1984 KARNATAKA IN PARALLEL WITH MAHARASHTRA- BLGM-KOLHAPUR D/C LINE- SINCE AUG 1984 KARNATAKA IMPORTED 723 MU FROM MSEB KARNATAKA IMPORTED 723 MU FROM MSEB PEAK FLOW ON THIS LINE 360 MW PEAK FLOW ON THIS LINE 360 MW NTPC SHARE WAS TAKEN RADIALLY FROM SEP 1984 ONWARDS NTPC SHARE WAS TAKEN RADIALLY FROM SEP 1984 ONWARDS GOOTY-MUNIRABAD:120 MW-271 MU GOOTY-MUNIRABAD:120 MW-271 MU HYDERABAD-SHAHBAD:120 MW-236 MU HYDERABAD-SHAHBAD:120 MW-236 MU GRIDMAP 1985

EVOLUTION -YEAR:1995 INTEGRATED OPERATION IN SOUTHERN REGION INTEGRATED OPERATION IN SOUTHERN REGION INSTALLED CAPACITY KARNATAKA: INSTALLED CAPACITY KARNATAKA: HYDRO2506 MW HYDRO2506 MW THERMAL840 MW THERMAL840 MW DIESEL128 MW DIESEL128 MW TOTAL3475 MW TOTAL3475 MW PEAK DEMAND MET3224 MW PEAK DEMAND MET3224 MW CONSUMPTION19718 MU CONSUMPTION19718 MU ABOUT 54 MU EVERY DAY ABOUT 54 MU EVERY DAY GRIDMAP 1995

KARNATAKA: QUICK FACTS TOTAL AREA SQ KMS TOTAL AREA SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS105 LAKHS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS105 LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD14157 MW CONNECTED LOAD14157 MW 400 KV TL1456 CKM 400 KV TL1456 CKM 220 KV TL7433 CKM 220 KV TL7433 CKM 110 KV TL6058 CKM 110 KV TL6058 CKM 66 KV TL6196 CKM 66 KV TL6196 CKM 33 KV TL6543 CKM 33 KV TL6543 CKM TOTAL LENGTH OF HT LINES KMS TOTAL LENGTH OF HT LINES KMS

KARNATAKA GRID HIGHLIGHTS Installed Capacity(MW) Peak Demand Met(MW) Peak Demand Requirement(MW) % Deficit 10%20%17% Total Energy Consumed(MU) Energy Requirement(MU) % Deficit 11% 7% Average Daily Consumption

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF KARNATAKA AS ON IN MW 5041MW

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF KARNATAKA: IN MWIN PERCENTAGE HYDRO309761% THERMAL159832% WIND50.1% IPP3417% TOTAL5041 AS ON 1 st AUG 03

CONSUMER PROFILE IN KARNATAKA

PROBLEMS FACED IN OPERATION GENERATION DEPENDENT ON MONSOON GENERATION DEPENDENT ON MONSOON LOAD CENTRE IN SOUTH-GENERATION IN NORTH AND NORTH WEST KMS AWAY LOAD CENTRE IN SOUTH-GENERATION IN NORTH AND NORTH WEST KMS AWAY RTPS EVACUATION- O/L OF RTPS- LINGASUGUR LINES RTPS EVACUATION- O/L OF RTPS- LINGASUGUR LINES KAPS EVACUATION –O/L OF KODASALLI- NJPH LINES– SLOW SWING KAPS EVACUATION –O/L OF KODASALLI- NJPH LINES– SLOW SWING NJPH EVACUATION- O/L OF NJPH-HUBLI NJPH EVACUATION- O/L OF NJPH-HUBLI LOADING OF GUTTUR-HIRIYUR-GB’NUR- DBPURA-HOODY LOADING OF GUTTUR-HIRIYUR-GB’NUR- DBPURA-HOODY GRIDMAP 220 SHOW ME

PROBLEMS FACED IN OPERATION LOW VOLTAGES IN SOUTHERN PART OF THE STATE – INSUFFICIENT SHUNT COMPENSATION – OVERLOADED LINES LOW VOLTAGES IN SOUTHERN PART OF THE STATE – INSUFFICIENT SHUNT COMPENSATION – OVERLOADED LINES OVERLOADING OF SOMANAHALLI ICT’S: OVERLOADING OF SOMANAHALLI ICT’S: MAX MW POSSIBLE AT 330KV = 770MW MAX MW POSSIBLE AT 330KV = 770MW ENHANCING TRANSFER CAPABILITY OF SIRSI-GUTTUR- FEW SPANS - TO BE CONVERTED TO TWIN MOOSE. ENHANCING TRANSFER CAPABILITY OF SIRSI-GUTTUR- FEW SPANS - TO BE CONVERTED TO TWIN MOOSE. IMPORT FROM KOLHAPUR - DIFFICULTY IMPORT FROM KOLHAPUR - DIFFICULTY GRIDMAP 220

LOAD 2250 MW LOAD 500 MW LOAD 1250MW LOW VOLTAGE ZONE ~ 1260MW Raichur ~ 1,565MW Nagjhari, Kodasalli, Kaiga & Kadra ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1,330MW Sharavathy, LDPH & MGHE Varahi 230MW ~ Tanirbavi 235MW 96 % OF I/C IS IN THE CIRCLES SHOWN

SHORT CKT LEVELS STATIONPEAK(MVA)OFFPEAK(MVA) SOMANAHALLI HOODY NLMNGLA GUTTUR MUNIRABAD RTPS HUBLI MANGALORE MYSORE

EVACUATION OF RTPS BB WADI RTPS 630 MW LINGASUGUR ML PURA HUBLI GADAG LINGAPUR ITTAGI GUTTUR JINDAL 120 MW MUNIRABAD RAICHUR SHAHBAD HUMNABAD SEDAM TANDUR(AP) KUSHTAGI RTPS 630 MW

KAPS AND NJPH EVACUATION KADRA-150MW KAIGA 440 MW KODASALLI 120 MW PONDA XELDAM A-WADI TATA 81 MW CHIKKODI BELGAUM NARENDRA M.L.PURA GADAG TO LINGAPUR TO SHARAVATHY GOA NJPH 855 MW SIRSI: BUS1 DAVANGERE HAVERI SIRSI: BUS2 HUBLI

EARLIER CONFIGURATION SHIMOGA GUTTUR HOODY HOODY 220 KV PEENYA HEBBAL KB CROSS B2 B4 A’HALLI B1 A’PALYA

PRESENT CONFIGURATION AT NELAMANGALA SHIMOGA GUTTUR HOODY HOODY 220 KV PEENYA HEBBAL NELAMANGALA ANCHEPALYA B1 B2 B4 B3

PRESENT CONFIGURATION AT NELAMANGALA RELIEF OF MW ON HOODY ICT RELIEF OF MW ON HOODY ICT VOLTAGE AT HOODY IMPROVED: 7-9 KV VOLTAGE AT HOODY IMPROVED: 7-9 KV VOLTAGE AT S’HALLI IMPROVED: 5-7 KV VOLTAGE AT S’HALLI IMPROVED: 5-7 KV LOADING OF S’HALLI-SB’PURA AND S’HALLI-ITPL 220KV LINES RELIEVED. LOADING OF S’HALLI-SB’PURA AND S’HALLI-ITPL 220KV LINES RELIEVED. ONE MORE STEP TOWARDS ACHIEVING A 400 KV RING MAIN AROUND BANGALORE ONE MORE STEP TOWARDS ACHIEVING A 400 KV RING MAIN AROUND BANGALORE

FINAL CONFIGURATION AT NELAMANGALA SHIMOGA GUTTUR HOODY HOODY 220 KV PEENYA HEBBAL NELAMANGALA ANCHEPALYA TO HOODY

PRESENT CONFIGURATION AT SHARAVATHY PRESENT CONFIGURATION AT SHARAVATHY SHARAVATHY:1035 MW SHIMOGA STRP:240,MW TO DAVANAGERE TALAGUPPA TO NELAMANGALA- OPEN AT NELAMANGALA.TERMINATION WORKS PENDING S1 S5 HUBLI JUMPER REMOVED 400 KV LINES OPERATED PRESENTLY AT 220 KV S2 S3S4

FINAL CONFIGURATION AT SHARAVATHY FINAL CONFIGURATION AT SHARAVATHY SHARAVATHY:1035 MW SHIMOGA STRP:240,MW TO DAVANAGERE TALAGUPPA:2*315 MVA TO NELAMANGALA S1 S5 HUBLI S2 S3S4

RIVERS AND RESERVOIRS GEN STN RESERVOIR FRL IN MU RIVER SHARAVATHY AND LDPH LINGANAMAKKI4660SHARAVATHY SUPA,NJPH, KODASALLI,KADRA, SUPA2990KALINADI BHADRABHADRABHADRA T.B.DAM, MUNIRABAD T.B DAM THUNGABHADRA VARAHI, MANI DAM PH MANI DAM 881VARAHI

VARIABLE COST OF SOME POWER STATION OF KARNATAKA POWER STATION/UNIT VARIABLE COST (Ps) TANIR BHAVI293 RAICHUR.T.PS.-IV270 RAICHUR.T.PS.-V260 RAICHUR.T.PS.-VI260 JINDAL(IPP) *260 YELEHANKA DEISEL205 RAICHUR.T.PS.-III165 TATA DIESEL160 RAICHUR.T.PS.-I144 RAICHUR.T.PS.-II144

EXPECTED GENERATION ADDITIONS KARNATAKA (IN MW) ALMATTI-HYDRO 290 VIJAYANAGAR - THERMAL 500 TOTAL

220 KV TRANSMISSION LINES EXPECTED SHIMOGA – VARAHI DC - DEC SHIMOGA – VARAHI DC - DEC AMBEWADI – NARENDRA DC – DEC 2002 AMBEWADI – NARENDRA DC – DEC 2002 S’HALLI-MALUR-KOLAR-CHINTAMANI DC – DEC 2002 S’HALLI-MALUR-KOLAR-CHINTAMANI DC – DEC 2002 NARENDRA - HAVERI DC – DEC 2003 NARENDRA - HAVERI DC – DEC 2003 NELAMANGALA – DB PURA – DEC 2003 NELAMANGALA – DB PURA – DEC 2003 KOLAR – GOWRIBIDANUR DC – OCT 2004 KOLAR – GOWRIBIDANUR DC – OCT 2004

400KV TRANSMISSION LINES PLANNED 400 KV NELAMANGALA-MYSORE 400 KV NELAMANGALA-MYSORE 400 KV MYSORE-KOZHIKODE 400 KV MYSORE-KOZHIKODE 400 KV KAIGA-NARENDRA 400 KV KAIGA-NARENDRA 400 KV NARENDRA-GUTTUR 400 KV NARENDRA-GUTTUR 400 KV GUTTUR-HASSAN-MYSORE 400 KV GUTTUR-HASSAN-MYSORE 400 KV MANGALORE-HASSAN-NELAMANGALA 400 KV MANGALORE-HASSAN-NELAMANGALA

TRANSMISSION LINES WISH LIST 400 KV HYD-RTPS-KURNOOL-GTY-BLR 400 KV HYD-RTPS-KURNOOL-GTY-BLR 400 KV NELAMANGALA-MYSORE 400 KV NELAMANGALA-MYSORE 400 KV MYSORE-KOZHIKODE 400 KV MYSORE-KOZHIKODE 400 KV KAIGA-NARENDRA-GUTTUR 400 KV KAIGA-NARENDRA-GUTTUR 400 KV GUTTUR-HASSAN-MYSORE 400 KV GUTTUR-HASSAN-MYSORE 400 KV MANGALORE-HASSAN-NELAMANGALA 400 KV MANGALORE-HASSAN-NELAMANGALA ADDL 220KV TO TK HALLI ADDL 220KV TO TK HALLI

ANDHRA PRADESH: QUICK FACTS TOTAL AREA SQ KMS TOTAL AREA SQ KMS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION510 KWH PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION510 KWH 400 KV TL1287 CKM 400 KV TL1287 CKM 220 KV TL10297 CKM 220 KV TL10297 CKM 110 KV TL12439 CKM 110 KV TL12439 CKM 33 KV TL CKM 33 KV TL CKM 11 KV TL CKM 11 KV TL CKM LT LINES CKM LT LINES CKM 400/220 KV TR1260 MVA 400/220 KV TR1260 MVA 220/132KV TR13353 MVA 220/132KV TR13353 MVA

ANDHRA PRADESH GRID HIGHLIGHTS Installed Capacity(MW) Peak Demand Met(MW) Peak Demand Requirement(MW) % Deficit 12%16%12% Total Energy Consumed(MU) Energy Requirement(MU) % Deficit 10%11%6% Average Daily Consumption

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF ANDHRA PRADESH AS ON IN MW 8915MW

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF ANDHRA PRADESH: IN MWIN PERCENTAGE HYDRO349539% THERMAL394344% GAS2733% WIND20.02% IPP120214% TOTAL8915 AS ON 1 st AUG 03

CONSUMER PROFILE IN ANDHRA PRADESH

PROBLEMS FACED IN OPERATION EVACUATION PROBLEM FOR NORTH EASTERN COASTAL PARTS EVACUATION PROBLEM FOR NORTH EASTERN COASTAL PARTS EVACUATION PROBLEMS AT VTS EVACUATION PROBLEMS AT VTS HIGH AGRICULTURAL LOADS CAUSE SEASONAL VOLTAGE PROBLEM HIGH AGRICULTURAL LOADS CAUSE SEASONAL VOLTAGE PROBLEM CUDAPPAH AREA FACES LOW VOLTAGE IF RYTPS UNITS NOT AVAILABLE CUDAPPAH AREA FACES LOW VOLTAGE IF RYTPS UNITS NOT AVAILABLE HUGE LOAD RELIEF DURING CHANGE OVER- TRUNK LINE LOADINGS HUGE LOAD RELIEF DURING CHANGE OVER- TRUNK LINE LOADINGS RESERVOIRS WITH INSUFFICIENT STORAGE CAPACITY RESERVOIRS WITH INSUFFICIENT STORAGE CAPACITY SCHEDULING IPP’S DURING LEAN DEMAND SCHEDULING IPP’S DURING LEAN DEMAND GENERATORS NOT ON FREE GOVERNER GENERATORS NOT ON FREE GOVERNER GRIDMAP SHOW ME

EVACUATION AT GZK

VTS AND LANCO EVACUATION VTSG FROM BHIMADOLU FROM VGTS-II NUNNA 400KV NUNNA GUNADALA KONDAPALLI LANCO=350MW CHILLAKALLU TO MALKARAM VIA NKTPALLI TALAPALLI TALAPALLI 400 KV PODILI TADIKONDA ONGOLE STATION DIAGRAM VTS=1260 MW 180 x x x 2 10 x x x

EVACUATION OF KTS TO L.SILERU TO HARD WATER PLANT VIA MANUGURU KTS 1170MW KHAMMAM KHAMMAM 400 KV STATION DIAGRAM NUNNA NUNNA 400 KV S.R.PATNAM N’SAGAR MIRYALGUDA SH’ NAGAR

‘TWIN CITY’ RING MAIN GACHIBOWLI CHANDRAYANGUTTA TO SRISAILAM MAMMIDAPALLI MAMMIDAPALLI- 400KV SHAPOORNAGAR MALKARAM GHANAPUR TO MMDPALLI TANDUR YEDDUMAILARAM MOULALI NKT PALLI CHILLAKALLU

SIMHADRI(1000 MW)

SHOW ME THE MAP SRISAILAM TURBINE TYPE: FRANCIS HEAD : 83 MTS STORAGE FRL 271MTS STORAGE MDDL 243 MTS N’SAGAR TURBINR TYPE:FRANCIS HEAD : 93 MTS STORAGE FRL 180MTS STORAGE MDDL 149 MTS

JALAPUT TYPE: STORAGE FRL 838MTS- 534 MU STORAGE MDDL 809 MTS

NATURAL ADVANTAGES GATE WAY OF SOUTH GATE WAY OF SOUTH GATE WAY OF SOUTH GATE WAY OF SOUTH MOST CONNECTED STATE MOST CONNECTED STATE HIGHLY NETWORKED HIGHLY NETWORKED BETTER SHORT CIRCUIT LEVEL AND STABILITY BETTER SHORT CIRCUIT LEVEL AND STABILITY ALLOWED TO DRAW MVAR AT RAMAGUNDAM ALLOWED TO DRAW MVAR AT RAMAGUNDAM BEING AT THE MOUTH HAS ADVANTAGE AVAILING MORE ASSISTANCE FROM NEIGHBOURING REGION BEING AT THE MOUTH HAS ADVANTAGE AVAILING MORE ASSISTANCE FROM NEIGHBOURING REGION

BACK

<2MU 2-4MU 4-6MU >6MU

VARIABLE COST OF SOME POWER STATION IN ANDHRA PRADESH POWER STATION/UNIT VARIABLE COST (Ps) NELLORE234 RAYALASEEMA125 KOTHAGUDEM-A123 KOTHAGUDEM-B123 KOTHAGUDEM-C123 KOTHAGUDEM-D123 VIJAYAWADA103 RAMAGUNDAM-B102 SIMHADRI100 KONDAPALLI92 VIJJESWARAM87 VIJJESWARAM86 JEGURUPADU83 SPECTRUM83

220KV JEGRUPADU-VEMAGIRI20 220KV VEMAGIRI-BHIMAVARAM D/C KV BHIMAVARAM-GUDIWADA D/C KV GUDIWADW-NUNNA D/C92 400KV RAMAGUNDAM (BPL)-DITCHIPALLY(SC) KV RAMAGUNDAM(BPL)-GAJWEL(SC) KV KRISHNAPATNAMTPS-KRISHNAPATNAM S/S(2XSC) 20 LILO FROM 400KV GOOTY- TALAPALLY SC LINE TO KURNOOL S/S KV GAJWEL-HYDERBAD (SC) KV KALPAKA-VEMAGIRI-NUNNA DC EXPECTED TRANSMISSION ADDITIONS IN CKM

TAMIL NADU: QUICK FACTS TOTAL AREA SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS 152 LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD MW 230 KV TL 6782 CKT KMS 110 KV TL CKT KMS 66 KV TL 2706 CKT KMS

TAMIL NADU GRID HIGHLIGHTS Installed Capacity(MW) Peak Demand Met(MW) Peak Demand Requirement(MW) % Deficit 8%14%5% Total Energy Consumed(MU) Energy Requirement(MU) % Deficit 10% 7% Average Daily Consumption

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF TAMIL NADU AS ON IN MW 6900MW

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF TAMIL NADU: IN MWIN PERCENTAGE HYDRO199329% THERMAL357052% GAS3305% WIND190.3% IPP98814% TOTAL6900 AS ON 1 st AUG 03

CONSUMER PROFILE IN TAMIL NADU

PROBLEMS HYDRO GENERATION MONSOON DEPENDENT HYDRO M/C s OF SMALL CAPACITY. ITS CONTRIBUTION IS LESS FOR ANY MAJOR LOAD VARIATIONS. PEAKING SHORTAGE CONSTRAINTS FOR AVAILING IMPORTS ANY MAJOR THERMAL UNIT TRIPPING, AGGRAVATES THE SITUATION FOLLOWED BY VOLTAGE PROBLEMS.

PROXIMICITY OF GENERATING STATIONS Thermal Hydro Nuclear IPP/GAS KALPAKKAM NORTH MADRAS ENNORE NEYVELI-TS II NEYVELI-TS I METTUR METTUR DAM MOYAR PYKARA KUNDAH COMPLEX TUNNEL TUTICORIN KODAYAR PAPANASAM SERVALAR PERIYAR SURULIYAR KADAMPARAI ALIYAR SHOLAYAR SARKARPATHI BALAJI BASIN BRIDGEGMR VASAVI TCPL P P NALLUR KOVI KALLAPAL SAMALPATTY NEYVELI-TS I (Exp)

LOAD CENTRES IN TN CITY LOADS MAIN AGRI AREA

TYPICAL LOADS IN MAIN CITIES CITYLOADS IN MW CHENNAI1500 COIMBATORE400 TRICHY300 MADURAI300 SALEM250

LIST OF HYDROSTATIONS STATION (NI)UNITSCAP (MW) YEAR OF COMMI SIONING STATION (IRR)UNIT S CAP (MW) YEAR OF COMMI SIONING PYKARA3X7+2X11+ 2X METTUR DAM4X MOYAR3X METTUR TUNNEL4X KUNDAH I3X LOWER METTUR8X KUNDAH II5X PERIYAR4X KUNDAH III3X PAPANASAM4X KUNDAH IV2X SERVALAR1X KUNDAH V2X SARKAR.PATHI1X KUNDAH VI2X SHOLAYAR I2X SURULIYAR1X SHOLAYAR II1X KADAMPARAI4X ALIYAR1X KODAYAR1X60+1X

KADAMPARAI PUMPED STORAGE HEP NO OF UNITS : 2 (INITIALLY) TYPE OF PUMP-TURBINE- REVERSIBLE FRANCIS(VETICAL SHAFT) OUTPUT OF GENERATOR MW AT 0.9 pf lag INPUT DURING PUMPING MW AT 0.98 pf lead RATED SPEED – 500 rpm Contd

KADAMPARAI PUMPED STORAGE HEP UPPER RESERVOIR (KADAMPARAI) FRL m MDDL m STORAGE –29.4 mcm (live) GEN. – 3.7mcft/hr/m/c LOWER RESERVOIR (UPPER ALIYAR) FRL – m MDDL – m STORAGE –21.6 mcm (live) PUMPING mcft/hr/m/c

WIND ENERGY TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY IN THE COUNTRY MW IN TAMIL NADU-800MW REQUIREMENT – MINIMUM WIND VELOCITY-24 kms/hr DESIRABLE WIND VELOCITY-48 kms/hr LIMITATIONS - SEASONAL, DEPEND ON WIND VELOCITY - COSTLY - MVAR DEPENDENCY ON GRID

CHENNAI SUPPLY POWER AVAILABLE IN AND AROUND CHENNAI AT PEAK ETPS – 450 MW NMTPS – 630 MW B.B MW GMR VASAVI- 186 MW TCPL MW TOTAL MW AVAILABLE GENERATION (APPROXI) MW TOTAL LOADS IN CHENNAI (APPROXI) – 1500 MW BALANCE MET THROUGH IMPORTS

TOTAL INFLOWS IN MU FOR TN

VARIABLE COST OF SOME POWER STATION IN TAMIL NADU POWER STATION/UNIT VARIABLE COST (Ps) BASIN BRIDGE489 P P NALLUR282 SAMALPATTY225 BALAJI POWER214 VASAVI GAS (IPP)212 ENNORE.T.P.S203 KOVIL KALAPPAL200 NEYVELI-I169 TUTUCORIN.T.P.S144 METTUR.T.P.S142 NORTH MADRAS.T.P.S142

EXPECTED GENERATION ADDITIONS STATIONCAPACITY (MW)EXPECTED YEAR HYDRO PYKAKARA ULTIMATE 3X50SEP-03 GAS PEUUMKULAM 1X NCTPS 2X52510 th PLAN TTPS 4th STAGE 1X52511 th PLAN SRIMUSHANAM th PLAN

TRANSMISSION LINES EXPECTED 400 KV NCTPS TS II-SPDR LILO OF NELLUR-SPDR AT ALMATHY KV LILO OF METTUR-HOSUR AT KARIMANGALAM LILO OF ETS-KORATTUR AT MANALI THENI-SEMPATTY THIRUVANAMALAI-VILLUPURAM -2003

KERALA: QUICK FACTS TOTAL AREA 38,863 SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS 61 LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD 8150 MW 230 KV TL 1999 CKT KMS 110 KV TL 2969 CKT KMS 66 KV TL 2707 CKT KMS

KERALA GRID HIGHLIGHTS Installed Capacity(MW) Peak Demand Met(MW) Peak Demand Requirement(MW) % Deficit 8%9%12% Total Energy Consumed(MU) Energy Requirement(MU) % Deficit 11% 9% Average Daily Consumption

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF KERALA AS ON IN MW 2553MW

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF KERALA: IN MWIN PERCENTAGE HYDRO179570% THERMAL2359% GAS35014% WIND20.08% IPP1717% TOTAL2553 AS ON 1 st AUG 03

CONSUMER PROFILE IN KERALA

PROBLEMS HYDRO GENERATION MONSOON DEPENDENT PEAKING SHORTAGE CONSTRAINTS FOR AVAILING IMPORTS LOW VOLTAGE PROBLEM IN NORTHERN KERALA

GENERATING SCHEME

VARIABLE COST OF SOME POWER STATION OF KERALA POWER STATION/UNIT VARIABLE COST (Ps) KAYAMKULAM220 BRAHMAPURAM DIESEL225

Sl NoName of stations Capacity in MW Targetted Year 1Kuttiyadi Additional Ext.100Aug-05 2Athirappally Malankara10.5Jul-02 4Meen Vallom2.4Apr-03 5Kuttiadi Tail Race3.75Apr-03 6Chembukadavu Stage12.7Jun-02 7Chembukadavu Stage23.75Dec-02 8URUMI Stage13.75Dec-02 9URUMI Stage22.4Dec-02 10Bothathan kettu(P)16Apr-06 11Ullangal(P)7Jun-06 12Karikkayam(p)15Mar-06 Thermal 13DCP Kasarkode105Dec-03 GENERATING SCHEMES UNDER CONSTRUCTION

POWERGRID IN SOUTHERN REGION EXISTING TRANSMISSION FACILITY I)Transmission System 400 / 220 kV Transmission Line – 6,700 Circuit Kms. 400 / 220 kV Transmission Line – 6,700 Circuit Kms. 400 kV S/S – 15 Nos. with 7350 MVA transformation capacity 400 kV S/S – 15 Nos. with 7350 MVA transformation capacity II) Load Despatch & Communication System Unified Load Despatch & Communication System in SR Unified Load Despatch & Communication System in SR III) HVDC B/B Station 1000 MW Chandrapur (WR – SR Interconnection) 1000 MW Chandrapur (WR – SR Interconnection) 500 MW Gazuwaka (ER – SR Interconnection) 500 MW Gazuwaka (ER – SR Interconnection) IV) Talcher-II – Kolar 2000 MW HVDC Bipole Link alongwith AC Line (Major Part commissioned) Longest HVDC Pole (about 1400 kms.) from Talcher to Kolar Longest HVDC Pole (about 1400 kms.) from Talcher to Kolar Completed cost – Rs. 700 crores less than the approved cost of Rs crores Completed cost – Rs. 700 crores less than the approved cost of Rs crores Commissioned 9 months ahead of schedule in September Commissioned 9 months ahead of schedule in September Second pole test charged on Second pole test charged on Besides Talcher-II power it would facilitate transfer of surplus power of Eastern Region to Southern Region Besides Talcher-II power it would facilitate transfer of surplus power of Eastern Region to Southern Region

POST INDEPENDENT INDIA ELECTRICITY AN INDEX FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY. INVOLVEMENT OF STATE GOVERNMENTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE POWER SECTOR. CENTRALISED CONTROL FOR COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION BY STATE OR REGIONAL BODIES

EVOLUTION OF POWER SYSTEM IN INDIA PRE INDEPENDENCE - SMALL ISOLATED SYSTEM PRIOR TO 60s - GENERATION/TRANSMISION BY SEBS DURING 60s - LIMITED INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN NEIGHBOURING STATES 70s - EMERGENCE OF CENTRAL SECTOR GENERATION ( NTPC/NHPC/NUCLEAR ETC.) PLANNING OF GENERATION/TRANSMISSION ON REGIONAL BASIS LATE 80s – INTEGRATED GRID OPERATION THRO’ 400kV SYSTEM LATE 90s - ASYNCHRONOUS INTER REGIONAL LINKS LONG DISTANCE HVDC LINKS / B2B STATIONS

Power sector is governed by three principal Acts namely – i) The Indian Electricity Act, 1910 The Indian Electricity Act, 1910 deals with functioning and regulation of the private licensees ii) The Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948 The Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948 deals with establishment and functioning of SEBs iii) The Electricity Regulatory Commissions Act, The Electricity Regulatory Commissions Act, 1998 establishment of SERCs & CERC

INDIAN ELECTRICITY ACT 1910 (ACT 9 OF 1910) INTRODUCE THE CONCEPT OF LICENCES IMPOSE CERTAIN DUTIES AND LIABILITIES ON SUCH LICENSEES. INTRODUCE CERTAIN PENAL PROVISIONS

IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF ELECTRICITY (SUPPLY) ACT 1948 FORMATION OF CEA FORMATION OF SEBs GREATER RESTRICTION AND CONTROL ON THE LICENSEES’ OPERATION LAYING DOWN PRINCIPLES OF TARIFF SPELLING OUT FINANCIAL PRINCIPLES AND THEIR APPLICATION BOTH FOR THE SEBs AND LICENSEE

AMENDMENT OF 1998 DEFINES CENTRAL TRANMISSION UITILITY INTER-STATE TRANSMISSION OF POWER STATE TRANSMISSION UTILITY TRANSMISSION LICENSEES.

ELECTRICITY ACT AMENDMENTS IN 1998 SALIENT FEATURES TRANSMISSION RECOGNISED AS SEPARATE ACTIVITY AND CONCEPT OF TRANSMISSION LICENSEE REDUCED TRANSMISSION RECOGNISED AS SEPARATE ACTIVITY AND CONCEPT OF TRANSMISSION LICENSEE REDUCED CONCEPT OF A CENTRAL TRANSMISSION UTILITY (CTU) AND STATE TRANSMISSION UTILITIES (STUs) CONCEPT OF A CENTRAL TRANSMISSION UTILITY (CTU) AND STATE TRANSMISSION UTILITIES (STUs) RLDCs TO BE OPERATED BY POWERGRID UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED BY THE GOVERNMENT RLDCs TO BE OPERATED BY POWERGRID UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED BY THE GOVERNMENT RLDCs DESIGNATED AS APEX BODIES TO ENSURE INTEGRATED OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEM IN EACH REGION RLDCs DESIGNATED AS APEX BODIES TO ENSURE INTEGRATED OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEM IN EACH REGION RLDCs TO ENFORCE ABOVE DECISIONS OF REBs RLDCs TO ENFORCE ABOVE DECISIONS OF REBs

ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION ACT 1998 THIS ACT PROVIDES ESTABLISHMENT OF CENTRAL ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION ESTABLISHMENT OF STATE ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION, RATIONALIZATION OF ELECTRICITY TARIFF,

Regional Load Despatch Centres (RLDCs)  NEED FOR A CONTROL CENTRE (RLDC) IN EACH REGION FELT IN LATE SEVENTIES  RLDCs UNDER CEA / REB.

The installed capacity 1362 MW in ,08,000 MW AT PRESENT

Indian Power Scenario Current capacity GW 50 times increase in last 50 years since Independence

Table 1: Growth of Indian Power Sector ParameterPresent Status Growth since independence (times) Installed Capacity (MW) 1,08,00055 No. of Consumers (Million) 8052 Agricultural Connections (Million) T & D Network ('000 ckt. Km.) Electrified Villages ('000) Per Capita Consumption (kWh) Note: Above numbers are indicative

Forms of Power

Growth Plans Annual growth in last 4 years MW Optimistic scenario to 6000 MW per year in the next 4 to 5 years. Pessimistic Scenario MW p.a. 1/3 to ¼ of from IPPs. Rest from SEBs / NTPC / NHPC etc

IEGC PARAMETERS FREQUENCY 49.0 Hz Hz Voltage 400kV 360kV - 420kV 220kV 200kV - 245kV 132kV 120kV - 145kV

ABT REVOLUSIONISE GRID OPERATIONS INDUCES GRID DISCIPLINE ENCOURAGES MERIT ORDER IMPROVES SYSTEM PARAMETERS & GRID SECURITY TRADING OPTIMAL UTILISATION OF RESOURCES

ABT WR NR SR ER

ABT IMPLEMENTATION IN SR SINCE EXPERIENCE – REG. 1.FREQUENCY PROFILE IEGC ALLOWABLE RANGE ( HZ) – 100% ( HZ) – 68 % 2. SELF CORRECTION BY ALL CONSTITUENTS TO ADHERE TO SCHEDULE DURING LOW FREQUENCY AVOIDING OVER DRAWAL – NO MESSAGE FROM SRLDC. 3.FVI : BETWEEN 0.45 TO 3.14 ( 0.45 ALL INDIA RECORD ) 4.QUICK RESPONSE FROM CONSTITUENTS IN CORRECTING FREQUENCY IN THE EVENT OF CONTINGENCY. 5.INCREASED BILATERAL EXCHANGES. - PONDICHERRY AVAILING POWER FROM NEYVELI. - BILATERAL CONTRACT BETWEEN KSEB & TNEB IN PIPE LINE. 6.ALL ISGS IN SR GETTING FULL REQUISITION/DESPATCH SCHEDULE. IN CASE OF LESS REQUISITION BY ANY CONSTITUENT (FOR SOME TIME BLOCK), OTHER CONSTITUENT(TN) AVAILING SAME ON BILATERAL BASIS. 7.SR CONSTITUENTS EARNED 45LAKHS ON ACCOUNT OF EXPORT FROM SR TO WR UNDER UI MECHANISM DRING 1ST JAN TO 5TH JAN 03.

8.300MW POWER BEING WHEELED FROM ER TO WR THROUGH SR. 9.BEST UTILISATION OF PUMPED STORAGE SCHEME (TNEB). 10.HYDRO BEING UTILISED IN MOST OPTIMAL FASHION (20MU LESS GENERATION AS COMPARED TO LAST YEAR). 11.CONSTITUENTS FOLLOWING MERIT ORDER WHILE DEPATCHING THEIR INTERNAL GENERATION/IPPs. 12.VOLTAGE PROFILE MOSTLY REMAINING BETWEEN 97 – 103%. 13.CONSTITUENTS EXPRESSED THEIR WILLINGNESS TO PUT GENERATORS ON FREE GOVERNOR MODE. 14.IMPLEMENTED SCHEDULES FOR COMPLETED DAY ARE BEING UPLINKED AT THE SRLDC WEB SITE ( ABT IMPLEMENTATION IN SR SINCE EXPERIENCE – REG.

Thank you

KERALA TOTAL AREA 38,863 SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS 61 LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD 8150 MW 230 KV TL 1999 CKT KMS 110 KV TL 2969 CKT KMS 66 KV TL 2707 CKT KMS KARNATAKA TOTAL AREA SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS 152 LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD MW 230 KV TL 6782 CKT KMS 110 KV TL CKT KMS 66 KV TL 2706 CKT KMS TAMILNADU TOTAL AREA SQ KMS NUMBER OF CONSUMERS 152LAKHS CONNECTED LOAD MW 230 KV TL 6782 CKT KMS 110 KV TL CKT KMS 66 KV TL 2706 CKT KMS ANDHRA PRADESH TOTAL AREA SQ KMS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION 510 KWH 400 KV TL 1287 CKM 220 KV TL10297 CKM 110 KV TL12439 CKM 33 KV TL CKM 11 KV TL CKM LT LINES CKM 400/220 KV TR1260 MVA 220/132KV TR13353 MVA QUICK FACTS