Summer 2008 paper 3 qu 2 & 3 …and Foundation Nov 2007

2 2. (a) A student investigated the building of the Jubilee River, a flood relief channel, in the United Kingdom. Study Figure 2(a) which shows the course of the Jubilee River. (i) Use Figure 2(a) and the words in the box below to complete the description of the Jubilee River. Eton 9 kilometres River Thames 15 kilometres Taplow Southeast Northwest M4 motorway 12 kilometres The Jubilee River flows in a ……………………………….direction from Maidenhead to where it rejoins the River Thames near The Jubilee River is approximately long. (3)

3 (ii) The student annotated a second map, Figure 2(b), giving some of the benefits, costs and disadvantages of building the Jubilee River. Add the following statements in the correct places on the map: noise and dust were produced during building works footpaths and places for fishing were provided. (2) ( iii) What conclusions do you reach when you compare the benefits with the costs and disadvantages of building the Jubilee River? (5)

4 ( b) The student then investigated how effective the Jubilee River had been during a major flood. Figure 2(c) is a newspaper cutting about that flood which the student used as secondary data. The Thames Echo 14th March 2003 The Environment Agency is compiling a report after major flooding along the River Thames in January This follows concern from people living in Datchet and Wraysbury that a major new flood relief channel, called the Jubilee River, has moved the flood problem from Windsor and Maidenhead to their homes. A representative from the Environmental Agency said, “The Datchet and Wraysbury region has a long history of flooding and we expected the areas near the River Thames to flood following the very high rainfall in December 2002 and January 2003.” However, Mr. Smith, whose home was badly damaged during the flooding, said, “I have lived in Datchet for 30 years and the flooding has never been so bad. The Jubilee River flows back into the River Thames upstream from our homes. This means that the River Thames becomes too full and floods (i) Suggest possible reasons for the flooding at Datchet and Wraysbury. (2)

5 c) The student also asked people in two different locations for their views on the Jubilee River. One group was questioned in the central business district of Maidenhead; the other group in the flood-prone area of Wraysbury. Figure 2(d) shows the results of that questioning. Figure 2(e) graphs most of the results Off to the whiteboard it did not fit on here! (i) Complete Figure 2(e) by plotting the replies to Question 3 in Wraysbury (2) (ii) What are the main features shown in Figure 2(d) and the completed Figure 2(e) (6)

6 3. Use your own experience of ONE fieldwork investigation to answer this question. (a) What were the main aims of your fieldwork investigation? (2) (b) (i) What data did you collect in order to achieve those aims? (4) (ii) Describe the sampling methods you used when collecting this data.(4) (iii) Why did you choose those sampling methods? (2) (c) (i) Identify two presentational techniques you used. Explain why you used those techniques. (You may include diagrams as part of your answer) (6) Technique 1 Technique 2 (ii) How might you have improved your data presentation? (2)

7 2. (a) A student investigated the building of the Jubilee River, a flood relief channel, in the United Kingdom. Study Figure 2(a) which shows the course of the Jubilee River. (i) Use Figure 2(a) and the words in the box below to complete the description of the Jubilee River. Eton 9 kilometres River Thames 15 kilometres Taplow Southeast Northwest M4 motorway 12 kilometres The Jubilee River flows in a ……………………………….direction from Maidenhead to where it rejoins the River Thames near The Jubilee River is approximately long. (3)

8 (ii) The student annotated a second map, Figure 2(b), giving some of the benefits, costs and disadvantages of building the Jubilee River. Add the following statements in the correct places on the map: noise and dust were produced during building works footpaths and places for fishing were provided. (2) ( iii) What conclusions do you reach when you compare the benefits with the costs and disadvantages of building the Jubilee River? (5)

9 ( b) The student then investigated how effective the Jubilee River had been during a major flood. Figure 2(c) is a newspaper cutting about that flood which the student used as secondary data. The Thames Echo 14th March 2003 The Environment Agency is compiling a report after major flooding along the River Thames in January This follows concern from people living in Datchet and Wraysbury that a major new flood relief channel, called the Jubilee River, has moved the flood problem from Windsor and Maidenhead to their homes. A representative from the Environmental Agency said, “The Datchet and Wraysbury region has a long history of flooding and we expected the areas near the River Thames to flood following the very high rainfall in December 2002 and January 2003.” However, Mr. Smith, whose home was badly damaged during the flooding, said, “I have lived in Datchet for 30 years and the flooding has never been so bad. The Jubilee River flows back into the River Thames upstream from our homes. This means that the River Thames becomes too full and floods (i) Suggest possible reasons for the flooding at Datchet and Wraysbury. (2)

10 c) The student also asked people in two different locations for their views on the Jubilee River. One group was questioned in the central business district of Maidenhead; the other group in the flood-prone area of Wraysbury. Figure 2(d) shows the results of that questioning. Figure 2(e) graphs most of the results Off to the whiteboard it did not fit on here! (i) Complete Figure 2(e) by plotting the replies to Question 3 in Wraysbury (2) (ii) What are the main features shown in Figure 2(d) and the completed Figure 2(e) (6)

11 3. Use your own experience of ONE fieldwork investigation to answer this question. (a) What were the main aims of your fieldwork investigation? (2) (b) (i) What data did you collect in order to achieve those aims? (4) (ii) Describe the sampling methods you used when collecting this data.(4) (iii) Why did you choose those sampling methods? (2) (c) (i) Identify two presentational techniques you used. Explain why you used those techniques. (You may include diagrams as part of your answer) (6) Technique 1 Technique 2 (ii) How might you have improved your data presentation? (2)

12 1. Water: (a) Study Figure 1 which shows one type of waterfall. (i) Fill in the blank spaces 1, 2 and 3 by choosing from the following words: undercutting plunge pool softer rock. (2) (ii) What is meant by the term hard rock? (1)

13 1. Water: (a) Study Figure 1 which shows one type of waterfall. (iii) Why did the hard rock cause a waterfall to form? (3) (iv) Explain how feature 3 shown in Figure 1 was formed. (3) (v) Why does undercutting occur where shown in Figure 1? (2)

14 (b) Waterfalls can create both benefits and problems. (4) Describe: 1. one benefit 2. one problem. [Higher (d) Explain why waterfalls are usually found in the upper and middle courses of rivers and rarely in their lower courses. Named examples may help your answer.(6)]

15 2. Hazards: (a) Study Figure 2 which shows the area of India affected by a cyclone (tropical storm) in October (i) State the impact of this cyclone in the state of Orissa on:(4) 1. the people2. the economy.

16 2. Hazards: (a) Study Figure 2 which shows the area of India affected by a cyclone (tropical storm) in October (ii) Suggest why the storm lost strength as it crossed the state of Orissa. (2) (iii) What is a storm surge? (1)

17 (b) (i) Give one name, other than cyclone, by which tropical storms are known. (1) (ii) When are tropical storms most common in the Northern Hemisphere? Underline the correct statement (1) June and July when sea temperatures are warming April and May when sea temperatures are cool September and October when sea temperatures are warmest (iii) Give two types of weather that occur with the arrival of a tropical storm. (2) (c) Referring to examples, give two reasons why the impact of tropical storms is greater in some areas of the world than others. (4)

18 A bit of revision – what kind of weather and why? When it hits land fall, what happenens to the storm? Why?

19 3. Production: (a) Study Figure 3 which shows Kia Motors’ new research and development (R&D) centre close to Paris, France.. (i) Give one example of the work done in an R&D centre. (1) (ii) To which sector of employment does R&D belong? Underline the answer. (1) PrimarySecondaryTertiaryQuaternary

20 3. Production: (a) Study Figure 3 which shows Kia Motors’ new research and development (R&D) centre close to Paris, France.. (iii) R&D in the motor car industry can be described as high- tech. Suggest why. (2) (iv) Give two advantages of the site shown in Figure 3 for a modern high-tech R&D centre. (4)

21 (b) Kia Motors separates its R&D from its mass production which is located in Asia. (i) What is mass production? (1) (ii) Suggest why car manufacturers mass produce.(2) (iii) Explain why the R&D work of many transnational companies is carried out in MEDCs such as France. (4) [ Higher: (iii) Referring to a named transnational company, explain why it mass produces in Asia and exports its products to MEDCs. Named transnational company ]

22 4. Development: (a) Study Figure 4 which is a map of Shanghai, China. Pudong is a district of Shanghai.. (i) On which bank of the Hangpu river is Pudong located? (1) (ii) Give two factors that limited the economic development of Pudong before 1990.(2) (iii) Suggest why the Chinese government identified Pudong as a suitable site for development after (3)

23 (b) In 2000 the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of Pudong was ten times greater than in (i) What is Gross Domestic Product? (1) (ii) With reference to Figure 4, identify: (2) 1. a secondary industry that has recently located in Pudong 2. a tertiary industry that has recently located in Pudong.

24 (iii) For one industry you have identified in (b)(ii), suggest how it might have contributed to the rise in GDP. Industry (2) (c) Suggest two different ways that governments such as that of China can stimulate an area in need of economic development. Examples may help your answer. (4)

25 Higher: Using what you already know, can you explain why this is happening, either here in China or in another NIC country