Classification of Living Things I -Classification I -Classification: grouping of organisms, to help learn more about them.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification of Living Things

I -Classification I -Classification: grouping of organisms, to help learn more about them.

A-Classification A- Classification: procedure of putting organisms in groups according to their. Structure Behavior Food Needs Chemical make up

1- 1- Organisms are grouped by individuals with similar body structures The more structural similarities organisms have the more alike they are.

B- How Organisms are grouped into Kingdoms: In 1737, a Swedish scientist named Carolus Linnaeus devised a classification system, he grouped organisms based on internal and external structures. The largest groups he called kingdoms. There are five kingdoms.

1- Five Major Kingdoms. a- Moneran {Bacteria} NO NUCLEI Photosynthesis a- Moneran {Bacteria} Single celled organisms, that have NO NUCLEI, or other organelles. Some carry out Photosynthesis.

b- Protist :{Amebas} b- Protist : {Amebas} HAVE A NUCLEUS Most are single celled but some are multi-cellular. They HAVE A NUCLEUS and other organelles. Some carry out photosynthesis.

Fungus : c- Fungus : Molds & Mushrooms {Molds & Mushrooms} Multicellular organisms that absorb food from dead or living organisms.

Plant: d- Plant: Multi-cellular organisms that undergo photosynthesis, and are NOT mobile.

e- Animal: Multi-cellular organisms that eat other organisms for food. Most can move about on their own.

C-Subdivisions C-Subdivisions of the 5 Kingdoms Kingdoms Kingdoms are divided into Phylum. 2- Phylum Phylum into Class. 3- Class Class into Order. 4- Order Order into Families. 5- Families Families into Genus. 6- Genus Genus into Species. 7- Species Species are organisms that can reproduce with one another. Kings Play Chess On Flat Glass Surfaces

GroupWolfDogHorse GrasshopperChimpanzee Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordate ArthropodChordate Class Mammalia insectaeMammalia Order Carnivore UngulateOrthopteraPrimates Family Canidae EquidaeLocustidaePongidae Genus Canis Equus Schistocerca Pan Species lupusfamiliariscaballusamericanatroglodytes

Identifying Organisms E- Identifying Organisms 1 - Identification Keys/ Dichotomous Identification Key: Identification Key: Uses pictures and gives you a description of the organism. Start at # 1, a- Start at # 1, choose the description that best fits the organism you are trying to identify. ~ ~ Follow the directions and continue making choices until the key indicates the name of the organism you are identifying.

D-Naming Organisms 1-Common Names: Can be confusing. People who live far apart or speak different languages may use different names for the same type of organism

Mountain Lion or Cougar Lynx or Bobcat

2-Linnaeus: 2-Linnaeus: set up the system for naming organisms. binomial nomenclature He gave each a two word scientific name = binomial nomenclature. a- Scientific Name a- Scientific Name: indicates the Genus and species The name is made up of Latin or is Latinized, put in the form similar to Latin.

4- 4- The first word is the Genus and is Capitalized. ~ ~The second is the species and is lower case. ~ ~Scientific Names are underlined or in Italics. Felis leo = Lion Felis domestica = House Cat Felis tigrus = Tiger Homo sapiens = Human