2. Chapter 14 - Classification Biology - Program Hamilton High School

3. Why classify living things? Provides a framework for organization. We use classification in forestry, agriculture, and medicine. –Example - how can you tell a poisonous mushroom from a non-poisonous one??

4. Classification Classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities! Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of living organisms!

5. History Aristotle was the first to develop a classification system! Two major groups- the Plant Kingdom and the Animal Kingdom! Plant kingdom - herbs shrubs, or trees Animal Kingdom - The Air Dwellers, Sea Dwellers and the Land Dwellers

6. 18th Century Carolus Linnaeus - A Swedish Botanist developed his system of classification that is still used today! He based his system on the Latin Language He based his system of physical characteristics Two Names- Genus- species

7. The System Of Binomial Nomenclature Binomial - two NAMES (Genus -species) Nomenclature - grouping by characteristics Example - Genus Felis = cat like animals including, the mountain lion, etc…… Felis domestica - Cat Genus - species - domesticated

8. Taxonomic categories- “Taxa” In Taxonomy, organisms are classified into a series of categories, each one larger than the previous one!! A Species is the smallest category! It is a group of similar organisms living together, inter- breeding in nature and producing fertile offspring! Ex- Felis domestica

9. Taxonomic subdivisions (Taxa) Domain- Eukaryote Kingdom- Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Carnivora Family - Felidae Genus - Felis species - leo (king) The species word is a descriptor explaining the specific type of organism!

10. Six Kingdoms Kingdom – Archaebacteria- –ancient bacterial forms –prokaryote cells –Unicellular Kingdom Eubacteria –true bacteria Bacteria Domain

11. Fungi Kingdom Decomposers Eukaryote cells Both unicellular and multicellular! More than 100,000 species have been named! Ex- mushrooms, yeast

12. Kingdom - Plantae Multicellular Eukaryotes carry on photosynthesis! Containing chlorophyll inside chloroplasts!

13. Kingdom - Animalia Multicellular Eukaryotes Consumers - eat things No cell walls great moving capabilities body systems - nerves, muscle, bone etc.

14. Kingdom Protista Eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular primitive consumers and primitive producers ! Ex- planaria, amoeba, sea weeds, Algae, and slime molds!

15. the end……...