Kathleen Ludewig Omollo, Bob Riddle UMMS Office of Enabling Tech - Open.Michigan Initiative Audience: SI 657 IT and International Development Oct. 31,

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Kathleen Ludewig Omollo, Bob Riddle UMMS Office of Enabling Tech - Open.Michigan Initiative Audience: SI 657 IT and International Development Oct. 31, 2013 Download slides: Except where otherwise noted, this work is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Copyright 2013 The Regents of the University of Michigan Overview of Department / Initiatives Captioning and Translation Flexible Offline Wireless Networks Approaches for Translation & Adaptable Technologies to Overcome Limited Connectivity 1

Office of Enabling Technologies (part of Medical School Information Services) The Office of Enabling Technologies aims to strategically enhance learning experiences at individual, team, institutional, and international levels through novel uses of information services. By leveraging a diverse toolset of technologies, design and research principles, and interdisciplinary partnerships, we empower our community lead in the rapidly changing healthcare environment. 2

Office of Enabling Technologies Featured Initiatives for Talk Open.Michigan Initiative African Health Open Educational Resources Network 3

Open.Michigan Initiative Open.Michigan enables University of Michigan faculty, students, staff and others to share their educational resources and research with the world. Our two primary goals: to sustain a thriving culture of sharing knowledge at U-M; and to provide comprehensive public access to all of U-M’s scholarly output. 4

Image CC:BY-SA Colleen Simon (Flickr)Flickr Free Public Under some licenses to use, adapt, redistribute 5 Open.Michigan: Attributes of Content That Is “Open” 5

Context: Health Disparities 6 Source: World Health Organization. Working Together for Health: The World Health Report WHO Publications: Geneva Context for Global Activities: Disparities 6

Image CC:BY-NC-SA 350.org (Flickr)Flickr 7 7 Context: Health Disparities Context for Global Activities: Increased demand for education 7

Image CC:BY-NC University of Ghana 8 8 Context: Health Disparities Context for Global Activities: Limited space and instructors available 8

Image CC:BY-NC-SA Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology When you look in textbooks it’s difficult to find African cases. [S]ometimes it can be confusing when you see something that you see on white skin so nicely and very easy to pick up, but on the dark skin it has a different manifestation that may be difficult to see. Professor at Partner Institution in Ghana 9 9 Context: Health Disparities Context for Global Activities: Lack of relevant materials 9

Image CC:BY Sherrie Thai (Flickr)Flickr 10 Advance health education in Africa by: Creating and promoting free, openly licensed teaching materials created by Africans to share knowledge Identifying and addressing curriculum gaps Bridging health education communities 10 Context: Health Disparities African Health OER Network 10

11 Context: Health Disparities African Health OER Network: Partners in

12 Context: Health Disparities African Health OER Network: Current Partners 12

Captioning and Translation: Context Problem: Most of the Open.Michigan and African Health OER Network materials are in English only. Goal: Make our materials available to a wider audience of learners around the world. 13

Captioning and Translation: Considerations Consent for and copyright of content Translations are derivative works and require permission from the copyright owner. Use existing openly licensed works. Professional translators are expensive Crowdsource, partner, short videos Tools to manage volunteers/languages GoogleForm, Amara.org, YouTube 14

Captioning and Translation: Lessons 1.Provide captions in source language 2.If instructional, review for quality by subject matter experts 3.Design workflows to accommodate volunteers with varying levels of time commitment, windows of available, levels of subject knowledge and language fluency. 15

Captioning and Translation: Lessons 4.Recruit volunteers with the necessary language and subject matter expertise using formal and informal social networks 5.Develop a lexicon of core technical terms for the given subject 6.Use software to manage parallel translations and versioning 16

Captioning and Translation: Lessons 7.Arrange proofreading 8.Review formatting of translations for consistency of style 9.Recognize or reward the contributions of volunteers 10.Promote the results (more volunteers, more learners) 17

Captioning and Translation: Partners 18

Captioning and Translation: Recognizing Volunteers 19

20 Captioning and Translation: Translator View in Amara.org 20

Translation 21 Captioning and Translation: Delivery on YouTube 21

22 LANGUAGE# VIDEOS SPANISH (PRIORITY)53 PORTUGUESE (PRIORITY)28 JAPANESE22 FRENCH (PRIORITY)14 RUSSIAN7 ROMANIAN5 GANDA3 SWAHILI (PRIORITY)2 ARABIC2 DANISH1 CHINESE (SIMPLIFIED)1 CHINESE (TRADITIONAL)1 TOTAL CAPTIONS139 AFFILIATION OF VOLUNTEERS # VOLUNTEERS UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ACTIVE MEMBER OR ALUMNI 27 EXTERNAL OR UNKNOWN35 # LANGUAGES PER VIDEO OTHER THAN ENGLISH # VIDEOS TOTAL VIDEOS *31 VIDEOS IN ORIGINAL CAMPAIGN53 Translation 22 Captioning and Translation: Results to Date # VOLUNTEERS PER COMPLETED TRANSLATION # CAPTIONS 2 (TRANSLATOR AND REVIEWER) TOTAL139 # CAPTIONS CONTRIBUTED # VOLUNTEERS CONTRIBUTED 1 OR MORE MAX = 311 MEDIAN2 MEAN

23 African Health OER Network: Online Distribution Channels

High technology cost Limited technology availability (equipment, understaffed dept.) Unpredictable infrastructure noii’s, flickrflickr lydia_shiningbrightly, flickrflickr Content Distribution: Common Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa

provide a local wireless network … provide content via web browser … provide content via file or app server … do this with or without the Internet … do it with or without an electrical outlet … do all of this for <=$200 … Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution: Goals 25

Raspberry Pi and TPLink (configured for Library Box) are both solutions for providing digital content to laptops, smartphone, and tablets with wireless network capability in areas with unreliable electricity, no or inadequate Internet service, and limited physical or human infrastructure for technology. Connect the USB storage device and the content is available to users in range of the wireless “neighborhood”. Just plug it in to activate. Unplug it when done. Raspberry Pi Model B 26 Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution: Devices

Library Box ( similarities with Raspberry Pi: provide digital content over local wireless network capability in areas Can connect to rechargable battery pack for backup power source Connect the USB storage device and the content is available to users in range of the wireless “neighborhood” Differences: PirateBox allows local peer to peer file sharing (read and write). Library Box is read only for users Raspberry Pi has a full Linux operating system, which allows full applications and more customization of services (e.g. Dropbox, Moodle), and user interface. Offline & Semi-Connected Distribution: Devices 27

Questions? Translation: Offline and Semi-Offline Networks: Open.Michigan Website: African Health OER Network Newsletter: 28