1. A socio-technical model for content sharing
SHARE
A socio-technical model for content sharing
Carsten Kozianka, Research Associate, Political Science Department, University of Cologne

2. About SHARE Sharing, Handling and Assessing Resources in Education
Transnational cooperation project funded by the EU under SOCRATES MINERVA programme
Participating institutions:
E-coordination, Bordeaux
University of Teramo, Italy
Academy of Humanities and Economics, Lodz, Poland
University of Cologne, Germany
Website:

3. Goals To foster content sharing in education
To supply technical resources and support for the school sector
To disseminate freely available tools
Needs analysis, tool reviews and use cases for content sharing
Best practices
Teacher trainings (contact or

4. A socio-technical model?
Content sharing is a social process of exchanging information, knowledge or creative works
Two basic models
One to many (Publishers)
Many to many (Web 2.0)

5. Drivers of change Open Educational Resources (OER)
User-contributed content
Copyleft licensing
Social software
Folksonomies
Personal Learning Environments (PLE)
Rich Internet Applications
Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)

6. Open Educational Resources
Open courseware and content
Open software tools (e.g. learning management systems)
Open material for e-learning capacity building of faculty staff
Repositories of learning objects
Free educational courses

7. Open Educational Resources
Supported by OECD, UNESCO and Hewlett Foundation
“Open” means:
Freedom to copy
Freedom to modify
Freedom to redistribute
Freedom to redistribute modified versions
More info:

8. User-contributed content
Evolution of web technologies has made online publishing available for everyone
In some areas social networks of volunteers have built large collections of content (Wikipedia, Flickr, YouTube, Slideshare, Freesound)

9. Copyleft licensing Declaration of human rights Art. 27:
(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

10. Copyleft licensing
Tension between intellectual property rights and public interest
Using copyright-protected material for education is a complex legal issue
Copyleft licensing as a mechanism for protecting IPR and providing free access for education

11. Copyleft licensing You are free: Under the following conditions:
to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work
to make derivative works
Under the following conditions:
Attribution. You must give the original author credit.
Non-Commercial. You may not use this work for commercial purposes.
Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a licence identical to this one.

12. Copyleft licensing Creative Commons (CC): http://creativecommons.org/
Comprehensible
Adaptable
Easy to use
Ported to national copyright legislations
Growing collections of CC-licensed content

13. Social software Web-based systems fostering social interaction
Community building capacity
Related to a particular type of content (pictures, video, audio...) or to a specific topic
Free access, no user roles, meaningful user profiles, reward for excellence

14. Folksonomies Classification of content by users (“folks”)
Free tagging allows flexible classification
Resulting taxonomies are more accurate than with predefined categorization
The only meta data users will actually fill in
Example:
Large collection of user-rated bookmarks

15. Personal Learning Environments
A (not so) new approach to e-learning
Supports informal as well as formal learning
A personally managed space on the web
Bringing together distributed services and resources for learning via RSS and API’s
Store and share files, write and publish articles, manage your personal e-portfolio
Example:

16. Rich Internet Applications
A new generation of internet applications with a desktop-like interface
Word processing:
Spreadsheets:
Calendar:
Personalised Homepage:

17. Free and Open Source Software
A variety of mature applications available for education
Learning Management Systems
Content Management Systems
WIKI’s
Groupware
Word processing
Audio recording
Vector graphics

18. The vision PLE providing:
Access to distributed Open Source tools and Open Educational Resources
Search queries on distributed meta data
Freedom to re-use and modify others’ content
Tool box approach
Single login for different tools
Desktop-like web interface
Sustainable and public service

19. The vision

20. Challenges Data protection Mixed licensing Multilingual content
Accessibility
Metadata
Business models / Sustainability
Different logins and registration procedures

21. The human factor
Do you use internet resources for teaching and learning?
Are you familiar with copyright legislation?
Do you see a need for collaborating and providing materials online?
Would you offer your lessons online and free of charge?
Describe motivations to share your work.
Describe motivations to not share your work.