Institute of Fighting with the legalization of illegal proceeds. On money laundering and fighting with it.

The internationalization of crime occurs with the formation of international financial networks, systems of International Settlements, the increasing of migration, formation of multinational mega policies, setting clear boundaries, uneven distribution of resources within and between countries, etc.

As a result, formation of transnational criminal corporation, which seek to conceal their activities and legalized is called income received by illegal means. Examples of such corporations from the past and present in different countries can be considered: the Italian Mafia, the American "Cosa Nostra", the Colombian drug cartels, the Japanese "yakuza", the Chinese triads, Nigerian criminal organizations, the Afghan drug produсers of raw materials, etc

The funds under the control of individual GOVERNMENTAL criminal groups, comparable to the GDP of some countries. The volume of sold products such communities, in particular, STI drugs are a threat to the global degradation of human properties.

By some estimates, the money goes through the procedure to two-thirds of the proceeds of crime, one third is located in the international financial market, the others are invested in legitimate businesses. Financial resources received by criminal networks are used to infiltrate the legitimate economy and the power that affects the safe of a negative impact on bilateral relations, leads to the growth of terrorism in the world.

The term "money laundering" is an international legal use of the 80's. in XX century. It denotes the process of converting illegally obtained in the legal.

The first multilateral treaty in this direction was the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Drugs narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in The Convention provides, inter alia, provisions relating to the laundering of proceeds of the turnover of funds materials (Article 3, etc.).

The object of an offense relating to money laundering, are the proceeds of criminal activity, which may consist of any material assets (Council of Europe Convention). As the subject of an offense relating to money laundering, the person who intentionally legalizing someone’s money.

The question of the responsibility of the person, done the predicate offense, and carries out legalization proceeds, the Convention referred to the discretion of the States (Article 6).

The fight against money laundering in the EU. Within the EU, the fight against money laundering first initially implemented on a bilateral basis. Shortly before the Council of Europe Convention "On Laundering, revealed Research, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime STI," namely, in July 1989.

Modeled on the FATF was created several such regional groups in the Caribbean, Asia, South Africa, etc. Its standards for combating money for the capital of parties have developed in the Organization of American States.

Post-Soviet states enter into an on anti-money laundering between departmental contracts - through the relevant agencies. In 2004 at the initiative of Russia was established Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and terrorist financing.