 Fighter for human dignity  Satyagraha: “Truth force”

 Ashram- community marked by honesty, truthfulness, celibacy and poverty  Nationwide campaigns  Indian independence  Strove to practise non- violence and truth at all times

 Hartel- a general strike  Tremendous support gained.  Protest turned into rioting  Gandhi condemned this  Fasted as penance

 379 people dead  Over 1200 wounded  “I had faith in them- until 1919, but the Amritsar Massacre and other atrocities in the Punjab changed my heart”.  Indian independence

 Spread the message to the people  Soldiers encouraged to desert their posts  Lawyers give up their practise  By December ,000 people had been imprisoned

 Five day fast as penance  Actions proved effective as Congress could not be ignored  Indian demands had to be recognised

 1922: charged with rebellion against the government  “... Some of the most loved of India’s patriots have been convicted under it. (Indian law) I consider it a privilege”

 Over 80% of Indians were peasants  24 day, 200 mile march  Spread civil disobedience to embarrass the government  The Salt Tax which Gandhi set out to destroy was not only a symbol of the Government’s right to tax and therefore its right to rule- it was an emotional issue too.  Bore hardest on the poor.

 2,500 Congress volunteers led to the Dharasana Salt Works  Salt works defended by armed policemen  Viscously attacked and beaten  Methodically beaten down  Obeying the rules of non violence they did not defend themselves  2 deaths and 32o injured

 Sailed to England  “Do you want your own prosperity to be built on the misery of others?”  Popular with the British public  Ventured to cotton towns of Lancashire  Gandhi personal triumph but the conference was a failure

 Gandhi called for the British to ‘Quit India’  Imprisoned again for his speech on it  “We do not seek our independence out of Britain’s ruin” (Gandhi)  “Our quarrel is not with the British people, we fight their imperialism” (Gandhi)

 Gandhi called for ‘Quit India’  Muslim League called for ‘Divide and Quit’  Direct Action Day: -4,000 killed -15,000 injured  Gandhi wanted to unite the Indian people  He preached courage, forgiveness and truth  Visited Muslim areas  Vowed not to leave until Muslims and Hindus were at peace

 14 th – 15 th August 1947 Indian Independence Act invoked  India and Pakistan  “Partition of the heart”  12.5 million displaced  At least half a million killed

 Gandhi preached and read from : the Hindu Bhagavad, the Muslim Koran and Jewish-Christian Bible  He felt he must do more  Fast unless reunion of all communities  3 rd day~ payment by India to Pakistan  6 th day~ satisfied with promises made about the restoration of peace THE DEATH OF GANDHI  3oth January 1948 Gandhi was assassinated  Prime Minister Nehru: “The light has gone out of our lives”