1 Cristina Gonzalez-Maddux, Research Specialist Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals

2 Conventional Pest Management Strategies Use of pesticides What are some of the major environmental and ecological concerns? How about human health concerns? nau.edu/iaqtc

3 Ecological and Environmental Impacts of Pesticides Silent Spring, Rachel Carson (1962) Trophic levels and bioaccumulation Transport and runoff Pesticides in the atmosphere, & surface & groundwater

4 Human Health Concerns Exposure Agricultural applications Home use “Irritation to eye, nose, and throat; damage to central nervous system and kidney; increased risk of cancer. Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, muscular weakness, and nausea. Chronic exposure to some pesticides can result in damage to the liver, kidneys, endocrine and nervous systems. Both the active and inert ingredients in pesticides can be organic compounds; therefore, both could add to the levels of airborne organics inside homes.” ACTIVITY Can you name the top three active ingredients in… Bonus round – what are health concerns associated with that chemical? nau.edu/iaqtc

5 How prevalent are pesticides in the home? “study suggests that 80 percent of most people's exposure to pesticides occurs indoors and that measurable levels of up to a dozen pesticides have been found in the air inside homes.” - US EPA, IAQ & Pesticides (2012) Survey Question: Do you have any pesticides in your home? If so, have you used them in the last 6 months? nau.edu/iaqtc

6 What is IPM? How is it different than other conventional approaches? …“an effective and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that relies on a combination of common-sense practices. IPM programs use current, comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.” USEPA, IPM Principles 2012 nau.edu/iaqtc

7 How does IPM work? US EPA’s IPM Principles Set action thresholds Monitor and identify pests Prevention Control What is IPM? National Pest Management Association nau.edu/iaqtc

8 Pests of concern for IAQ Rodents – mice and rats Cockroaches and ants Fleas, dust mites, bed bugs nau.edu/iaqtc

9 What do pests require to thrive? Food, water, warmth, shelter Step 1: Assess – Am I providing these key needs? nau.edu/iaqtc

10 Remove Food Eliminates feeding options Empty garbage often Store food securely (also pet food) Clean up crumbs, wash dishes right away nau.edu/iaqtc

11 Remove Water Reduces pest-promoting moisture Fix plumbing leaks promptly Wipe up spills Empty pet dishes at night Don’t leave water in sink nau.edu/iaqtc

12 Block Pest Entryways Access Points Repair holes and openings in walls Assess home for possible nesting areas (e.g., eaves) Install screens, doors, windows, and regularly check on weather stripping Close doors when not in use nau.edu/iaqtc

13 Decrease Pest Habitat Eliminate hiding spaces and nesting materials Bathe pets often Avoid clutter nau.edu/iaqtc

14 Asthma Triggers Cockroaches Dust (mites) Vacuum and sweep frequently Regular maintenance Change filter Change bedding often and wash in hot water nau.edu/iaqtc Lincoln-Lancaster County Health Dept. Environmental Public Health

15 IPM Resources Please see the “IAQ Resources” document US EPA – IPM Principles USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Roadmap for IPM, Questions and comments? nau.edu/iaqtc