Causes of the Civil War: The United States was expanding and acquiring more land. The NORTH believed slavery was wicked and should be abolished. The SOUTH saw slavery as important to the growth of their economy. Problem: Should the new states be free or slave states? Solution: Northwest Ordinance of 1787 SLAVERY WOULD BE BANNED IN STATES FORMED NORTH OF THE OHIO RIVER

Free States - Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois Slave States - Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama Problem : Should MISSOURI be entered into the Union as a Free or Slave state? Solution: Tallmadge Amendment MISSOURI WOULD BE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION AS A FREE STATE

What were the South’s arguments against the Tallmadge Amendment? 1. IF MISSOURI WAS A FREE STATE, WHAT WOULD PREVENT THE REST OF THE STATES FROM BEING FREE 2. “STATES’ RIGHTS” LAWS SHOULD BE DETERMINED BY POPULAR SOVEREGNTY, OR THE PEOPLE NOT THE GOVERNMENT 3.SLAVE AND FREE STATES SHOULD BE EQUAL SO THE SOUTH HAD A VOICE IN THE SENATE (pg 399)

Why was the Tallmadge Amendment able to be defeated? THERE WAS AN EQUAL AMOUNT OF REPRESENTATION IN THE SENATE Problem: Both houses were at a deadlock over the issue of slavery in Missouri. Solution: Missouri Compromise- MAINE- became a free state MISSOURI - became a slave state 36 / 30 North of this line slavery was banned

“I have favored this Missouri Compromise, believing it to be all that could be accomplished under the present Constitution, and from extreme unwillingness to put the Union at risk…If the Union must be dissolved, slavery is precisely the question on which it ought to break. For the present, however, the contest is laid asleep.” –John Adams Does John Adams believe that the Missouri Compromise has permanently eliminated the tension between the North and South? Why or Why not…EXPLAIN.

The “Gag Rule” What was John Quincy Adams’ 1839 proposal? No one could be born into slavery after 1845 How did the “Gag Rule” affect his proposal? The Gag Rule set aside any discussion about slavery.

Wilmot Proviso A proposal made in 1846 to prohibit slavery in the territory added to the United States as a result of the Mexican-American War Compromise of 1850 List four details of Henry Clay’s plan to end the deadlock over the issue of California statehood 1. Admit California into the Union as a FREE state 2. Allow UT and NM decide if they want to allow slavery 3. End Slave trade in Washington DC 4. Strong Fugitive Slave Laws (Pg. 408) Did the Compromise of 1850 succeed? - No