1 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement in Arizona - Application and Verification October 3, 2008 Arizona Association of County Engineers

2 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

3 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

4 Change in DOT’s

5

6  Price escalation for construction/rehabilitation and maintenance  Asphalt binder shortages  Polymer shortages  Environmental concerns  Energy concerns  Funding limitations Changing Market Conditions = Renewed Interest in Recycling

7 States Allowance of RAP  75-percent of States allow at least 10- percent RAP in surface course mixes  More States allow higher percentages in lower lifts

8 15% RAP in HMA25% RAP in HMA Energy, BTU 58 AC Consumed, tons 1219 Aggregate Consumed, tons 610 CO 2 (lb) 712 CO (lb) 813 NO x (lb) 59 SO x (lb) 916 PM-10 (lb) 610 Value of Recycling – Percent Savings Relative to Conventional Materials – Initial Construction* *equivalent square yards Note: Similar advantages found with Life Cycle Cost

9 PCI Over Time* *Projects constructed in Arizona

10 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

11 Project Layout

12 Standard Sections

13 Scope of Work  Partial depth removal of existing asphalt concrete  Placement of dense grade asphalt concrete  Placement of AR-ACFC  Miscellaneous other work  Granite’s Proposal  Use RAP in base course HMA  6% coarse RAP (3/4-in x 3/8-in)  9% fine RAP (3/8-in minus)  Note: RAP currently used as shoulder backing and aggregate base on ADOT projects

14 Standard Section

15 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

16 Alligator Cracking Moderate severity alligator cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation

17 Transverse Cracking Slight to moderate severity transverse cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation

18 Block Cracking Block cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation Maybe considered combination of longitudinal and transverse cracking

19 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

20 Cold Milling Operations

21 Unprocessed RAP from I-19

22 Coarse RAP (3/4-in x 3/8-in)

23 Fine RAP (3/8-in Minus)

24 Hot Plant Feeders 5 Virgin Aggregate Bins 2 RAP Bins

25 Hot Plant Cement Silo and Pugmill Virgin Aggregate Scalping Screen

26 Hot Plant Counter Flow Drum Mixer RAP Conveyor

27 Paving and Inspection HMA Paving Density Testing

28 Rolling Operations Echelon Breakdown Rolling Finish Rolling

29 Finished Mat

30 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

31 Granite Test Results – RAP* Testing Lab RAP Source Stat 3/8-in Sieve, % Passing No. 8 Sieve, % Passing No. 40 Sieve, % Passing No. 200, % Passing Asphalt Binder Content, %DWA Granite - Arizona Coarse No.10 Std. Dev.** Fine No.11 Std. Dev GranleyStd. Dev Rep. RangeStd. Dev.2.0 – – – – 0.45 Rep. ValueStd. Dev *Test results based on ignition oven **Standard Deviation – measure of variability

32 Granite Test Results – RAP* Testing Lab RAP Source Stat 3/8-in Sieve, % Passing No. 8 Sieve, % Passing No. 40 Sieve, % Passing No. 200, % Passing Asphalt Binder Content, %DWA Granite - Arizona Coarse No Std. Dev.** Fine No Std. Dev GranleyStd. Dev Rep. RangeStd. Dev.2.0 – – – – 0.45 Rep. ValueStd. Dev *Test results based on solvent extraction **Standard Deviation – measure of variability

33 Granite/ADOT Test Results - Gradation *Standard Deviation – measure of variability  Gradation of aggregate extracted from field mixed samples Standard Deviation of Percent Passing Sieve, % 3/8-inNo. 8No. 40No. 200 Granite ADOT Granite & ADOT Granley NCHRP 455 Rep. Range2.0 – – – 1.5 Rep. Value

34 Granite/ADOT Test Results - Volumetrics *Standard Deviation – measure of variability  Volumetric properties of field mixed/lab compacted samples Bulk Density, lb/ft 3 Rice Density, lb/ft 3 Air Voids, % Asphalt Binder Content, % Granite ADOT Granite & ADOT Granley0.28 NCHRP 455 Rep. Range0.3 – – 0.45 Rep. Value0.70.3

35 Outline  Introduction  Project Overview  Existing Pavement Condition  Construction and Production Operations  Granite/ADOT Test Results  Summary

36 Recycling Benefits  Conservation  Materials (aggregate and asphalt binder)  Energy (burner fuel, trucking, etc.)  Preservation of environment  Landfill  Green house gases (global warming)  Sustainability  Economics  Reduce first and life cycle cost  Complete reconstruction vs. alternative methods  Increased contractor competition

37 Questions