14-3 Human Molecular Genetics

Testing for Alleles Genetic tests are now available for hundreds of disorders o Tay-Sachs o Cystic Fibrosis o Sickle Cell Helps parents see what disorders they risk passing to their children

DNA Fingerprinting Analysis of sections of DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely from one individual to another, in order to identify individuals. What does this mean? How is it done? What does this mean? How is it done?

What is DNA Fingerprinting used for? Paternity Testing Missing Persons Forensic Science (Crime Investigations & Body Identification)

Review

The Human Genome Project It took 10 years to sequence all 46 chromosomes (1990 – 2000) Human genome = roughly 3,000,000,000 base pairs (3 billion bp) How is it done?

E. coli genome ≈ 5 million base pairs. Loblolly pine ≈ 23 billion base pairs Human genome ≈ roughly 3 billion base pairs Longest Genome Sequence to Date

21,000 genes are on the 46 chromosomes in the Human Genome

Gene Therapy The process of changing the gene that causes a genetic disorder by using a recombinant virus (vector) to insert an unaffected gene into the DNA. An absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene.