Sparta Ancient Greece.

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Presentation transcript:

Sparta Ancient Greece

Geography In a valley surrounded by mountains. Rich, fertile soil. How does Sparta benefit from the surrounding mountains?

Societal Organization Top- Kings Upper Middle – Citizens Lower Middle - Perioikoi Bottom - Helots Plato: “The organization of your state is that of an army camp, not a town.”

Sparta Citizens were free males who were at least 30 years old All Citizens could vote in the assembly All Citizens, who reached the age of 60, joined the Council of Elders Council of Elders proposed laws to the assembly

Government –Oligarchy The rule of a few Small groups makes all the decisions (Votes were made by shouting) 2 Kings and 28 citizens (Council of Elders) Council of Elders Proposed laws Assembly Voted for laws

Spartan Society Focus on the Physical Military Class System Feared Helots (slaves) Outnumbered 10-1

continue Life revolved around toughness & military Sickly babies left to die 7-30 in military training 20 – Regular military but able to marry Lived in barracks

Spartan Women Trained for physical endurance (fit mothers, fit babies) Ran farms while the men fought

Lifestyles of the Spartan Citizen No jewelry No precious metals Only necessary possesions

Values of the Spartan Citizen Unquestioning Obedience Courage Indifference to pain, cold or heat

How did they live as invincible warriors? Never risked a battle they thought they could not win Only distinction is military honor in battle

Spartan “Childhood” Only necessary schooling Provoked to fight Taken from home at seven Put in herds

“To bring these things they steal, some going into gardens and others insinuating themselves dangerously and cautiously into the men’s messes. If anyone is caught, he is given many lashes with the whip”

Helots – Sparta’s Problem Constantly feared uprising Spartan boys spied on them Attacked them regularly Had to keep standing army to maintain them

What is Spartan art? Poetry incites warriors to fight Music was for war and religion Even art depicts the gods in chains

Spartan vs. Non Spartan Poetry Is anything worth dying for? If so, what? “Shove your shield in the face of the enemy, hating life and embracing death’s dark spirits like the sun’s rays . . .” Tyrtaeus

“Some Thracian is flaunting the shield I left thoughtlessly by the brush, an flawless piece. So what? I saved myself.” Archilochus