 Plan a banquet for the class?  Main Dish  Snack foods  Beverages  Forks  Paper Plates  Cups  Desserts

VS

 Aquatic Food Production: Food is harvested from high tropic levels (large top consumers…example salmon. Photosynthesis is less efficient by producers due to light reflection of water

 Terrestrial Food Production: Most food harvested from low tropic levels (producers / herbivores)

 Biodiversity  Soil  Water  Air  Human Health

 Loss of grasslands forests and wetland for cultivation  Loss of genetic diversity (wild crops replaced with monocrops)

 Erosion  Loss of fertility  Salinization  Desertification  Increase soil pH

 Waste water produced  Aquifer depletion from increased irrigation

 Large fossil fuel use in farming equipment causes release of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, and CH4)  Pesticide sprays

 Nitrates in Drinking water Blue baby  Pesticides  Bacterial contamination of meat (E. coli)

 Inputs: Fertilizers, pesticides, fossil fuels, labor, sunlight, water equipment  Characteristics: Heavy use of fossil fuels, lots of farming technology, monocrops (only one crop)  Socio- Cultural: Fast production, large amounts, lots of waste  Environmental impact: loss biodiversity  Outputs: Air pollution, water pollution, wheat/corn, lots of income ($$)

See “slash and burn” and “shifting cultivation”

 Inputs: lots of human labor, water, sunlight  Characteristics: grow only enough to eat/ low tech  Socio- Cultural: mostly LEDC, poor  Environmental impact: maintains biodiversity, reduces pollution  Outputs: Usually mixed crops; corn, beans and squash (all in same field)

 Inputs: Labor, Cattle feed/ grazing grass  Characteristics: large herds of cattle, used as only food source “Nomadic Herding”  Socio- Cultural: Cattle THE source of life (even used as currency)  Environmental impact: overgrazing, nomadic behavior  Outputs: meat, milk

 Inputs: antibiotics, fish food, cages, labor  Characteristics: fish raised in large quantity  Socio- Cultural: MEDC, employs large number of workers  Environmental impact: growth of algae, water pollution  Outputs: salmon, water pollution

 Inputs: labor, seed  Characteristics: fish and rice grown together in same, self sustaining ecosystem (fed by natural food chain)  Socio- Cultural: LEDC countries,  Environmental impact: reduces waste maintains biodiversity  Outputs: rice, fish, income

Slash and burn- Farmers will “slash” or cut down a forest and burn the area in order to create a field for farming. Shifting Cultivation- Farmers utilize soil and forests for harvesting wood and crops until soil loses fertility, then they will move to a new area.

 GMO- Genetically Modified Organisms Change genetic make up of living things to make them look, feel, and taste different  Pesticides- used to kill pest organisms  Herbicides- used to kill weeds  Fertilizers- used to grow larger crops  Irrigation- used to bring in more water  Antibiotics/ Growth Hormones- used to grow healthier and larger animals

 Food production in our country has a direct impact on the lifestyle and income of others around the world 