„Moderné vzdelávanie pre vedomostnú spoločnosť/Projekt je spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov EÚ“ Inovácia obsahu a metód vzdelávania prispôsobená potrebám vedomostnej spoločnosti THE COLOUR THEORY PAINTING VYPRACOVAL: Mgr, Vladislav, Kravec Jún 2014

CONTENT What is colour Colour wheel Colour differentiation Primary colours Secondary colours Tertiary colours Colour mixing: Additive, Subtractive Colour harmony: Complementary, Anologous,Triadic, Split- Complementary

WHAT IS COLOUR Colour can be define as : a, LIGHT b, PIGMENT LIGHT Colour is simply light of different wavelengths and frequencies. PIGNENT Pigments appear, when they selectively reflect and absorb certain wavelengths of light.

THE COLOUR WHEEL A colo u r circle, based on red, yellow and blue, is traditional in the field of art. Sir Isaac Newton developed the first circular diagram of colo u rs in Since then, scientists and artists have studied and designed numerous variations of this concept. E.g.: Oswald, Harris, Goethe, In reality, any colour wheel which presents a logically arranged sequence of pure hues has a merit.

COLOUR DIFFERENTIATIONS Primary colours Secondary colurs Tertiary colours

PRIMARY COLOURS Red, yellow and blue In traditional colour theory (used in paint and pigments), primary colours are the 3 pigments colours that can not be mixed or formed by any combination of other colours. All other colours are derived from these 3 hues.

SECONDARY COLOURS Green, orange and purple These are the colours are formed by mixing the primary colours. They are also call the complementary colours

TERTIARY COLOURS Yellow-orange, red-orange, red- purple, blue-purple, blue-green & yellow-green These are the colours formed by mixing a primary and a secondary colour. That's why the hue is a two word name such as blue-green, red-violet, and yellow-orange.

COLOUR MIXING Additive Additive mixing - mixing colours of light. In additive mixing of colours there are three primary colours: red, green, and blue. In the absence of colour there is a black result If all three primary colours are mixed, the result is white. Additive mixing is used in: television and computer monitors

is done by mixing pigments or filters. The three primary colours in subtractive mixing: yellow, magenta, and cyan. there is an absence of white colour and the presence of black colour. Subtractive mixing is used to create a variety of colours when PRINTING on paper by combining a small amount of ink and also when PAINTING COLOUR MIXING Subtractive

COLOUR HARMONY Complementary Colours that are opposite to each other on the colour wheel are considered to be complementary colours. (example: red and green). The high contrast of complementary colours creates a vibrant look especially when used at full saturation. Complementary colours are tricky to use in large doses, but work well when you want something to stand out. Complementary colours are really bad for text.

COLOUR HARMONY Analogous Analogous colour schemes use colours that are next to each other on the colour wheel. They usually match well and create serene and comfortable designs. Analogous colour schemes are often found in nature and are harmonious and pleasing to the eye. Make sure you have enough contrast when choosing an analogous colour scheme. Choose one colour to dominate, a second to support. The third colour is used (along with black, white or gray) as an accent.

COLOUR HARMONY Triadic A triadic colour scheme uses colours that are evenly spaced around the colour wheel. Triadic colour harmonies tend to be quite vibrant, even if you use pale or unsaturated versions of your hues. To use a triadic harmony successfully, the colours should be carefully balanced let one colour dominate and use the two others for an accent.

COLOUR HARMONY Split-Complementary The split-complementary colour scheme is a variation of the complementary colour scheme. In addition to the base colour, it uses the two colours adjacent to its complement. This colour scheme has the same strong visual contrast as the complementary colour scheme, but has less tension. The split-complimentary colour scheme is often a good choice for beginners, because it is difficult to mess up.

SOURCES Goethe, J.,W.: Theory of Colours, MIT Press, 1970 Mollica, P.: Color Theory: An Essential Guide to Color - From Basic Principles to Practical Applications, Walter Foster Publishing, 2013 Birren, F.: Principles of Colour: A Review of Past Traditions and Modern Theories of Colour Harmony, Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 2007