Humanistic Theory and Social Cognitive Theory Psychology 12 Ms. Rebecca.

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Presentation transcript:

Humanistic Theory and Social Cognitive Theory Psychology 12 Ms. Rebecca

Now let’s learn about the other theories:  1. Humanistic Theory  2. Social Cognitive Theory

Humanistic Perspective  Focuses on:  Conscious experiences  Free will and creativity  Studies all factors of the human condition

Abraham Maslow  Hierarchy of needs:

People who are self-actualized: 1. Know and like who they are 2. Flexible and spontaneous 3. Loving and caring 4. Don’t care about what others think 5. Focused on a life mission 6. Have deep relationships, not superficial ones 7. Have had amazing experiences that have changed the way they live their lives.

Carl Rogers  People need certain things to be able to reach self-actualization.

Unconditional positive regard

Other things that can help people to grow and thrive:  Being genuine: freely express your feelings  Emathy: share thoughts and feelings and try to understand the thoughts and feelings of others.

Problems with the Humanistic Perspective:  Vague terms: “spontaneous”, “loving”……  Never say “No”?!  Despite the negatives, Humanistic psychology has helped people to study human strengths and virtues instead of only problems.

How do we develop self-esteem?  When we are young:  From other people like our parents. -Unconditional love helps kids to have high self-esteem  But if parents only show love when children act a certain way, children may not feel good about themselves.

So,  You need to learn to be true to yourself – person-centered therapy – and not rely on how others feel about you.

Summary  Psychoanalytic Theory- we’re products of our childhood and unconscious feelings  Humanistic Theory-We’re products of our own choice

4.Social Cognitive Theory  Combines research on social behavior, cognition, and learning

Albert Bandura  To understand personality, you need to think about  Situation  How the person thinks  How the person interacts socially

Interacting With Our Environment  Reciprocal determinism  Personality AND environment affect behavior.  3 factors:  1. your thoughts  2. your environment  3. your behaviors

Coach Currey’s Big Loss  Normally, Mr. Currey is very pleasant to be around:  But sometimes:

Girls Softball Coaching = the worst  1. Change in behavior on field.  2. perception of situation. Confidence in coaching…  3. Elements of situation- zero effort.

Personal Control  Do you feel in control of your life or does your environment control you?

Locus of Control  Internal Locus of Control: you control your own fate  External Locus of Control: Fate is a result of outside forces you can’t control.

Learned Helplessness

Can people Unlearn helplessness?  Yes! Give them a sense of control again: tv control in prison, arranging things in nursing home….

Optimism is important  Problems are temporary, not totally your fault.  BUT be careful of being too optimistic!

How do Social-cognitive theorists do experiments?  Put people in situations and see what they do. Vary the situation to look for personality consistencies. Or look at past behaviors.

Problems with the Social-Cognitive method  Good because it helps us to realize that situations CAN affect behavior and personality  BUT are we ONLY a product of what we learn? Rewards and punishments? What about greed, revenge, shyness?

How can we REALLY understand personality?  Look at ALL of the perspectives TOGETHER!  Homework: Finish reading pp and pp  Next time: Personality Box Assignment!