Journal Club Dr. H. Al-Hazmi
Prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis:the Great Ormond street experince H.K. DHILLON The department of paediatric urology,The hospital for sick children, Great Ormond Street,London,UK BJU,April,1998
The natural history series 115 children From Total 148 kidney - 77:Unilateral - 33:Bilateral - 5 : Solitary Follow up from 5 to 16 yeats
Protocol: All hydronephrotic kidneys classified into one of 3 functional group according to DTPA study poorly : 40%
U/S: in first week Functional imaging (DTPA) with differential function : 4-6 weeks On initial image: 40%: re-imaged at 3mo.
At 3mo. : - still moderate pyeloplasty - good function conservative Conservative F/UP: U/S andDTPA: at 6mo.,1 year then annually till age of 5year then 5,10 and 15 years
Indication for surgery: - If renal function < 40% -symptoms : UTI or pain All infant taking trimithoprim
RESULTS POOR FUNCTION: -10 Kidneys -3 pyeloplasty -7 nephrectomy
MODERET FUNCTION: -28 kidneys -5 managed conservatively - 23 underwent pyeloplasty 12 improved togood function 10 same level
GOOD FUNCTION: -110 Kidneys -6 early pyeloplasty -104 protocol 27 pyeloplasty
conclusion NO INDICATION FOR IMMEDIATE PYELOPLASTY IN INFANTS WITH PRENATALLY DIAGNOSED HYDRONEPHROSIS WHO DEMONESTRATE GOOD FUNCTION POSTNATALLY
RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL: April 1988 and continued for 5 years All infant had prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis,unilateral,3-6mo. age > 14mm (a-p) on U/S and > 40% on DTPA Randomized to either surgery or conservative follow-up
Surgical group followed with U/S and DTPA at 3mo.,1and5 year post op. Conservative group followed with U/S and DTPA AT 3mo., one year then annually Surgery indicated if renal function 10%
RESULTS 75 patient (39 surgical group +36 conservative group) In surgical group all had good post op. result In conservative group -12 remain stable -17 hydronephrosis improved spontaneously -7 required surgery
The out com of differential renal function did not showed any difference between the groups All pt.who need pyeloplasty had a minimum dilatation of 20mm U/S the most useful imaging modality for identifying the population at risk for surgery
conclusion The concept of measuring the degree of renal pelvic dilatation on U/S allow children to divided in 3 groups 1- 50mm: early surgical intervention mm:surgery only with reduced function,symptoms,increasing dilatation,and severe hydronephrosis in solitary kidney