Life in Ancient Rome Chapter 9-1

Roman Art  Romans admired Greek art and Architecture  Roman Statues were different than Greeks  Roman statues were more realistic

Roman Architecture  Used Greek style porches and rows of columns called colonnades  Added own features such as arches and domes  Arches supported bridges, aqeuduct, buildings.  Vaults—rows of arches built against one another  (curved ceilings)

Roman Architecture  Concrete—mixture of volcanic ash, lime, and water  Roman Colosseum- --AD 80  Pantheon—temple built to honor Rome’s Gods

Roman Literature  Virgil—Aeneid  Horace—Satires/Odes  Catullus—poems about love, sadness, and envy  Livy—wrote the History of Rome in 10 BC  Tacitus—wrote about the darker side of Rome

Roman Science and Engineering  Galen—Greek doctor Brought his medical ideas to Rome Anatomy—the study of body structure To learn about inner organs, cut open dead animals and recorded his findings West studied his for more than 1,500 years

Roman Science and Engineering  Ptolemy—lived in Alexandria, Egypt Studied the sky and carefully mapped over 1,000 different stars Studied the motion of planets and stars Incorrectly placed the Earth as the center of the universe

Roman Science and Engineering  Built complex system of roads and aqueducts  11 aqueducts fed Rome’s homes, bathhouses, and public bathrooms  Roman cities had sewers to remove waste

Daily Life in Rome  Rome was one of the largest cities in the world  Roman cities were laid out in a square with the main roads crossing at right angles  Wealthy Romans lived in large comfortable houses (villas)

Daily Life in Rome  City of Rome was crowded, noisy and dirty.  People tossed garbage into the streets  Thieves roamed the streets at night  Most people in Rome were poor, living in apartments (sometimes in one room)

Family Life  Families were important to Romans.  Often large  Father was the head of the household called Paterfamilias (“father of the family”)  Had complete control over family members (punishment, arranged marriages)

Family Life  Some paterfamilias mad sure his children were educated  Poor Romans could not afford an education  Wealthy Romans would hire tutors.  Some older boys went to school to learn reading, writing, and Rhetoric (public speaking)

Daily Life in Rome  Older girls did not go to school  Girls studied reading and writing at home and learned household duties  Between 14-16—celebrate becoming a man by burning his toys to the household gods  Once of age, they joined the family business, become a soldier, or start a career

Women in Rome  Women did not become adults until they married.  Woman usually wore a long flowing robe with a cloak called a palla  Had some rights— Paterfamilias looked after the wife and her affairs.  They often sought the womens advice (Livia, wife of Augustus)

Women in Rome  Roman women freedoms depended on her husband’s wealth.  Wealthy women could own land, run a business, and sell property  Managed household, enslaved people

Women in Rome  Less wealthy women, spent their time working in their houses or helping their husband in family run shops  Were allowed to leave home to shop, visit friends, worship at temples, or go to baths

Enslaved People  Slave labor grew as Rome took over more territory  By 100 BC, about 40 percent of the people in Italy were enslaved  Jobs—worked in homes, fields, mines, and workshops  Enslaved Greeks worked as teacher, artisans, and doctors

Enslaved People  Most slaves were treated terrible  Spartacus—slave revolt (70,000) against Rome in 73 BC  Defeated in 71 BC and crucified along with 6,000 of his men.