AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia Zvjezdana Bencetić Klaić The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution MAJOR AIR QUALITY CONCERNS IN CROATIA Pollutants? Sources? Incidents!

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution SO x (SO 2 and SO 3 ) NO x (NO 2 and NO) NH 3 NMVOC CO

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution TSP (PM10) (PM2.5)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Arsenic (As) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Copper (Cu) Mercury (Hg) Nickel (Ni) Lead (Pb) Selenium (Se) Zinc (Zn)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Lindane (HCH) Pentachlorophenol (PCP) Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) Dioxins and Furans (DIOX) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Short Chained Chlorinated Paraffins (SCCP) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Aldrin Chlordane Chlordecone

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Heptachlor Hexabromobiphenyl Mirex Toxaphene

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (10 3 kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Austria Germany France Croatia (2000) Italy EU UK Czech Republic Slovakia Croatia (1990) Poland Slovenia Germany USA Bulgaria kg SO 2 / inhabitant kg NO x / inhabitant

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (10 3 kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (10 3 kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (kg/year)

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Agriculture 42 % Burning - energy production 16 % Burning – non-industrial 4 % Burning – industrial 13 % Road traffic 12 % Other mobile sources and machines 7 % Production processes 6 % (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Burning – industrial 34 % Road traffic 8 % (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Other mobile sources and machines 4 % Burning - energy production 35 % Production processes 9 % Burning – non-industrial 10 %

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Other mobile sources and machines 23 % Burning - energy production 19 % Burning – non-industrial 5 % Burning – industrial 10 % Production processes 2 % Road traffic 41 %

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Other mobile sources and machines 9 % Burning – non-industrial 32 % Burning – industrial 9 % Road traffic 49 % Production processes 1 % Other sources 1 %

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Agriculture 94 % Production processes 5 % Road traffic 1 %

Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) TSP PM10 PM2.5 AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007

Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) Production processes 4 % Road traffic 93 % Burning – industrial 1 % Burning - energy production 1 % Other sources 1 %

Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, ) AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Burning – non-industrial 28 % Burning – energy production 36 % Waste treatment and deposition 2 % Burning – industrial 30 % Fossil fuel and geothermal energy distribution 1 % Production processes 3 %

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Main sources% CdIndustrial burning59 AsBurning – energy production50 CuRoad traffic80 CrBurning – energy production40 NiIndustrial burning67 SeProduction processes78 ZnRoad traffic83 (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Main sources% PAHsNon-industrial burning98 DIOXNon-industrial burning96 HCHAgriculture100 (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution (source: Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical. Planning and Construction of the Republic of Croatia, )

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution 1. Rijeka 20% of Croatian SO 2 (2002) from oil refinery and TE Zagreb 4% of Croatian NOx (2002) from TE-TO and EL-TO 3 3. Sisak 15% of Croatian SO 2 (2002) from oil refinery and TE 4 4. Kutina 9% of Croatian SO 2 (2002) from Petrokemija 5 5. Plomin 6% of Croatian SO 2 and 5% NO 2 (2002) from TE

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Karlovac, 23 February 2007 Beer factory – unlawful CO 2 emission  1 died

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Sisak, January 2007 Oil refinery – H 2 S pollution

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution 6. Sisak, January 2007 Oil refinery – H 2 S pollution 1, 13 and 16 January H 2 S (µg m -3 ) – daily C 6 H 6 (µg m -3 ) – daily PM10 (µg m -3 ) – daily

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Sisak, 1 January CO (µg m -3 ) – hourly H 2 S (µg m -3 ) – hourly C 6 H 6 (µg m -3 ) – hourly PM10 (µg m -3 ) – hourly

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Sisak 13 – 16 January CO (µg m -3 ) – hourly values H 2 S (µg m -3 ) – hourly values C 6 H 6 (µg m -3 ) – hourly values PM10 (µg m -3 ) – daily values

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Sisak 20 February 2007; 15:15 Crude oil spill  100 m high jet NO 2 CO H2SH2S SO 2 C6H6C6H6 PM10

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution H 2 S (µg m -3 ) – daily April 2007 SO 2 (µg m -3 ) – daily PM10 (µg m -3 ) – daily

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Rijeka, February Jeričević et al., 2004 On 4 February a warning was sent out to the public not to expose outdoors!

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution Kutina, PM10 Rijeka2, O 3 Zagreb1, NO 2 Zagreb1, PM10 Zagreb3, O 3 Osijek, PM10

AMGI/EURASAP Workshop Air Quality Management, Monitoring, Modeling, and Effects Zagreb, May 24-26, 2007 Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science University of Zagreb, Croatia The European Association for the Science of Air Pollution