1. Mussel watch programme in support of the WFD monitoring : the RINBIO and MYTILOS project Louis A. ROMAÑA Ifremer - France Workshop on ‘In-situ trialing for ecological ande chemical studies in support of the WFD implementation’ – 14-15 May 2008 - Pau

2. RINBIO Network Assesment of chemical contamination on the French Mediterranean Coast

3. Bio-monitoring of chemicals Advantages of sentinel organisms They concentrate the contaminants in their flesh in proportion to their bio-availability Contamination levels in the flesh reflect the average contamination of the water They enable us to compensate for contamination level fluctuations in the water The analisis is facilitated by higher contamination levels in the organisms They make it possible to evaluate the impact of pollutants on sea organisms

4. Mussel : an internationally recognized bio- integrator species which tolerates brutal environmental variations well know physiology an abundant widespread species, easy to identify and collect concentration factor of 10 3 to 10 5, without mortality bio-accumulate dissolved and particular phases Bio-monitoring of chemicals Two strategies Passive - Biomonitoring use of natural or cultivated mussels (mussel watch, RNO) Active Bio-monitoring transplantation of a single sample

5. Species Mytillus galloprovincialis Same site, low contamination levels 16 months old 50 mm long Active Biomonitoring : RINBIO Network Method In a plastic bag In 20 m to 30 m depth in open sea On existing structures in lagoon Implantation In sexuel inactivity period (april to july) For 3 month period ACTIVE BIOMONITORING Contaminants Heavy metals yCd, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Cr Organic yDDT,DDD,DDE, PCBs, PAHs Radioelements y 137 Cs, 60 Co, 106 Ru, 40 K

7. RINBIO Network: easy use Number of stations and recuperation rates Campaigns 1996 - 84 stations - 84 % 1998 - 40 stations - 86 % 2000 - 97 stations - 95 % 2003 - 103 stations - 98 % 2006 – 101 stations – 96 %

8. RINBIO Network : adjustment models Type 2 [CONT] = a* (IC ) + b Type 1 [CONT] = a* (1/( IC )) + b Zinc Cadmium Mercury Lead Copper Arsenic Nickel Chrome DDTs PCBs PAHs

9. Cadmium [Cd = 0.12 * [1/CI] - 0.22] R2 = 87.9 cp < 0,0001 Condition index Station 8 Station 9 Station 87

10.  RINBIO Network : Nickel

11.  RINBIO Network : Lead

12.  RINBIO Network : DDD

14. MYTILOS PROJECT Assesment of chemical contamination on the Occidental Mediterranean Coast Partners Regione Siciliana Assessorato Industria Science and Technology Park of Sicily ICRAM

15. Which Contaminants to analyse in MYTILOS Cadmium, Nickel, Lead, Mercury and its compouds Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon compounds : (Benzo(a)pyrène, Benzo(b)fluoroanthène, benzo(g,h,i)pérylène, Benzo(k)fluoroanthène, Fluoroanthène, Anthracène (16 compouds) DDT,DDD,DDE, PCBs, HCH PBDE Dioxins Nonylphénols, octylphenols Water Framework Directive Radionucleids compouds (Cs, Co)

17. MYTILOS project : adjustment models

18. CADMIUM LEVELS IEO/IFREMER Spanish Institute of Oceanography

19. MYTILOS project : adjustment models