 Does your community have enough sporting venues?  Do the venues cater for a variety of sports?  Which sporting organisations are the most proactive in promoting their sport or activity through coaching clinics?  How do PE classes at school influence sports participation?  Can religious institutions affect sporting opportunities?  Can some religious beliefs be barriers to physical activity?

 Examines laws, patterns or rules within different agencies  Considers processes or arrangements and organisational structures and their impact on access and equity  Allows us to examine large scale institutions and their impact on our own experiences and how they facilitate our current and future involvement (Amezdroz, et. al., 2010)

Institutional Level – the influence organisations (sporting authorities) and organisational bodies have on opportunities experienced by an individual through their rules and routine practices Examines how day to day running of the organisation, the laws or bylaws will advantage some individuals whilst disadvantaging others. Example – selection of training times

 Investigate how School Sport operates at AIS. Who is advantaged? Who is disadvantaged?  Are the policies that are currently in place providing opportunities for all students to maximise their involvement in physical activity.  Investigate how badminton is run at a local, national and international level.

 During primary school  Through PE classes  Swimming in the curriculum  Community-based sport  During secondary school  Supported within curriculum (IB vs QCE?)  Valued by students, staff and parents?  Greater access to facilities

 Required to interact with their environment and respond to social and cultural relationships that exist within and beyond their organisation  Face the issue: between offering performance-orientated or recreational exercise, sport and physical activity

 Coakley (2009) has identified five significant changes occurring: ◦ Organised programs are becoming privatised (users paying costs to participate) ◦ Emphasis on performance ethic ◦ Increase in private, elite sport training facilities ◦ Increased involvement of parents concerned about the progress, participation and success of their children ◦ Increased participation in alternative and action sports

How does religion have an effect on participation in sport in UAE society?

◦ Ramadan?

Present in any organisation or club that makes decisions or has disagreements about the distribution of resources such as funding, knowledge and the use of authority Role of the institution is to provide opportunities for people to participate in exercise, sport and physical activity, control/regulate competitions, publicising/promotion of the sport

 Amezdroz, G., Dickens, S., Hosford, G., Stewart, T., and Davis D. (2010). Queensland Senior Physical Education (3 rd ed.). Macmillan: South Yarra.  Coakley, J. (2009). Sports in society: issues and controversies in Australia and New Zealand. McGraw Hill: Sydney.