Define resilience Discuss strategies to build resilience

Define resilience Rutter (1990): Rescilience can be seen as maintaining adaptive functioning in spite of serious risk factors. According to Schoon et al. 2002, resilience should be seen as a positive adaption, despite the experience of risk and not as a personality factor.

Define resilience Through development, there may be risk factors in the child’s environment that hinder normal development( poverty, parental drug abuse, social isolation, parental conflict…) But there are also potential protective factors Such as intelligence, sociability, special talents, good school, close realtionships with one parent or parental substitute…

Define resilience It seems as according to research (Emmy Werner 2005) there are three factors that are especially important when it comes to protection: 1. the temperament of the child 2. A close relationship with at least one parent 3. Social support in the community

Discuss strategies to build resilience First one needs to bare in mind what can cause negative development (risk factors) Which are: ? To prevent and/or target those, one works on the protective factors.

Discuss strategies to build resilience Strategies are ways to protect children from the damaging effects of stressful life conditions (counteract risk factors). A single risk factor does not normally affect healthy development, but mutiple risk factors often do. The most important one is the relationship between the parents and the child.

Discuss strategies to build resilience The earlier the better (better long-term effects) The Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) mentoring program The highscope Perry Preschool Project to prevent juvenile delinquency

The Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) mentoring program This is a resilience-based mentoring program for high-risk children and adolescents in the USA. The program is based on the idea that social support from a caring adult to a high-risk child or adolescent can promote a healthy development in spite of environmental risk factors.

Each bag of clothes goes a long way in giving a child the guidance and support needed during those tough adolescent years. Big Brother Big Sister programs match local at-risk children with a volunteer. Big Brother or Sister mentor through community based and school based programs. Research has found Little Brother and Sisters whoparticipate in the programs are: • 46% less likely to start using drugs • 27% less likely to start drinking • 52% less likely to skip a day of school • More trusting of their guardians and less likely to lie to them. Source: http://www.bbbsfoundation.org/Supporting_Kids http://www.bbbsfoundation.org/About-the-BBBS-Foundation

Tierney et al. (1985) studied the impact of mentoring on the behavior of 959 high-risk children and adolescents, aged 10–16, from low-income families. Many had experienced family violence or substance abuse.

Tierney et al. (1985) Half of them were assigned a mentor and half of them acted as control. The researchers were interested in the outcome of mentoring on factors such as antisocial behavior, academic performance, relationships with family members and friends, and self-concept.

Tierney et al. (1985) The results showed a positive outcome if the adult provided a caring relationship and had positive expectations. The program did not target any specific problem behavior but was merely investigating whether social support from an adult could promote resilience.

”mentor” in Sweden http://mentor.se/ Mentor Sweden is a Swedish NGO established in 1994 working with a sole focus on health promotion and prevention of drug abuse among children and young people in Sweden. The target groups are young people between the ages of 13-17, parents with children 6-18 years and schools. In partnership with Swedish corporations and adult volunteers from the public, Mentor Sweden manages three key programs: Mentoring, Parenting and Inspiration activities that create study motivation, among other. The activities aim to prevent abuse by building relationships between young people and adults. Mentor Sweden is part of the Mentor Foundation, an international organization working with drug prevention around the word.

The highscope Perry Preschool Project to prevent juvenile delinquency Lifetime Effects: The HighScope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 40 (2005) This study — examines the lives of 123 children born in poverty and at high risk of failing in school. http://www.highscope.org/content.asp?contentid=219

The high/scope Perry Preschool Project to prevent juvenile delinquency From 1962–1967, at ages 3 and 4, the subjects were randomly divided into a program group that received a high-quality preschool program (preschool for 2 ½ hrs every day for two years, teachers made home visits and parents participated in monthly meetings with staff) based on HighScope's participatory learning approach and a comparison group who received no preschool program.

The high/scope Perry Preschool Project to prevent juvenile delinquency In the study's most recent phase, 97% of the study participants still living were interviewed at age 40. Additional data were gathered from the subjects' school, social services, and arrest records. The study found that adults at age 40 who had the preschool program had higher earnings, were more likely to hold a job, had committed fewer crimes, and were more likely to have graduated from high school than adults who did not have preschool. Video: http://www.highscope.org/Content.asp?ContentId=611

Evaluation Of the study:? BBBS? In general?

Me and another girl started up the following program 2008 while studying at university and it still exists! http://www.raddabarnen.se/lokalforeningar/syd/skane-lan/lund/verksamheter/lokalforeningens-projekt/tjej-till-tjej-kille-till-kille/ Tjej till tjej - Kille till kille Ett integreringsprojekt genom fadderskap! Projektet ”Tjej till tjej” startades upp våren 2008. Syftet är att ge nyanlända invandrartjejer en bra start på livet i Sverige och en möjlighet att tidigt komma i kontakt med svenska tjejer utanför skolans ramar. Då behovet var lika stort hos invandrarkillar togs initiativet att även starta upp "Kille till kille" hösten 2009.