European Exploration and Settlement: 1492-1607
European Ideas and Events impacting North America 1096- Crusades begin 1271- Marco Polo explores China Trade, plague ends feudalism, leads to Renaissance developments 1. rise of the city- banking, joint stock company, trade 2. Nation-State supplants the Church 3. Ideals of Renaissance= explorer 4. New inventions, technology
Marco Polo Italian Explorer 1254-1324
Main Trade Routes: 500-1500
Anxious investors wait for news about the South Sea Company, a joint stock company formed in London in 1711. Joint stock companies are a form of partnership in which each member, or stockholder, is financially responsible for the acts of the company. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
Spain, 1492 After forcing many Jews to be baptized and then referring to them as "marranos" (i.e. swine), and after an Inquisition in which some 700 marranos were burnt at the stake for showing signs of "Jewish" taint, Spain expels all Jews from the country.
Zhu Di’s Map of the World, circa 1405
Shanhai Yudi Quantu Map, circa 1425
The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus
Effects of the Columbus Voyages America’s land led to end of feudalism Gold creates inflation – destabilizes European economy Political power shifts to Spain Treaty of Tordesillas (1492)
Great Biological Exchange Old World to New World: New World to Old World: Diseases: Smallpox Measles Chicken Pox Malaria Yellow Fever Influenza The Common Cold Syphilis Animals: Horses Cattle Pigs Sheep Goats Chickens Honeybees Earthworms Turkeys Llamas Alpacas Guinea Pigs
Old World to New World New World to Old World Plants: Rice Wheat Barley Oats Coffee Sugarcane Bananas Melons Olives Dandelions Daisies Clover Ragweed Kentucky Bluegrass Corn (Maize) Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties) Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties) Tobacco Peanuts Squash Peppers Tomatoes Pumpkins Pineapples Cacao (Source of Chocolate) Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum) Papayas Manioc (Tapioca) Guavas Avocados
1494
Hernan Cortes Conquers Aztecs 1519-1521
Cortes’ Conquests,1519-1521
Missions in North America Red= Spanish Yellow= French
Henry Hudson, Netherlands Third Voyage, 1609
Peter Minuit (Lynden) purchases Manhattan for trinkets worth $24, 1626
New Netherlands, 1661
Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 1588