THE CIVIL WAR: Conclusion Chapters 11.4 – 11.5

Armies Clash at Gettysburg May 1863, the South won in the Battle at Chancellorsville May 2nd, General Stonewall Jackson is accidentally shot Despite losing Jackson, Lee decided to press his advantage and invade the North The Battle of Gettysburg became the turning point of the war As shots were fired, more troops were drawn to the battle

The Second Day July 2nd – 90,000 Yankees vs. 75,000 Confederates The Rebels overran the Union troops who had left their positions Eventually many Confederates surrendered

The Third Day July 3rd – Lee was optimistic that he could break Union lines Lee ordered Longstreet to push forward Lee sent General Stuart to circle around and surprise Meade’s forces Lee had to lead his remaining troops back towards the South Over 30% of the forces died in the battle Union – 23,000 killed or wounded Confederacy – 28,000 killed or wounded

Grant Wins at Vicksburg General Grant continued his quest to take the Mississippi at Vicksburg, VA Grant landed infantry south of Vicksburg on April 30 May 1863, Grant planned for a siege Food supplies ran so low that people ate dogs and mules July 3, 1863 – Confederate forces asked Grant for his terms of surrender

The Gettysburg Address November 1863, Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address The speech is said to have “Remade America”

The Confederacy Wears Down After the Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the Confederacy was now facing insurmountable odds Confederate morale began to deteriorate Jefferson Davis began to have great difficulty governing the Confederate states Peace movements began to spread throughout the South

Grant Appoints Sherman March 1864, Lincoln appointed Grant as the commander of all Union armies Grant appointed William Tecumseh Sherman as commander of the military in Mississippi Both Grant and Sherman believed in Total War Grant’s strategy was to immobilize Lee’s army in VA while Sherman raided GA May 1864, Grant began a series of brutal attacks May 4 – June 18, 1865: Grant lost nearly 60,000 men to Lee’s 32,000

Sherman’s March Sep. 2, 1864 – Sherman abandons his supply lines and heads SE through Georgia Sherman declared he would make Southerners “so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it.” After taking Savannah, Sherman turned north to help Grant against Lee Sherman inflicted even more damage as he marched through SC

The Election of 1864 and Surrender at Appomattox Lincoln faced heavy opposition in the 1864 election Radical Republicans pressured Lincoln as well Lincoln’s party called themselves the National Union Party Union success in GA and VA helped get Lincoln the votes to win re-election April 2, 1865 – Richmond is abandoned April 9, 1865 – the Confederates surrender at Appomattox Court House

The War Changes the Nation The Federal government ended the threat of secession following the Civil War The war greatly increased the power of the federal government The Civil War had a large impact on the nation’s economy 1863 – National Bank Act

More Changes The Northern economy boomed The Southern economy was devastated The economic gap between the North and the South grew drastically The war had a huge affect on every American family: 360,000 Union soldiers killed; 275,000 wounded 260,000 Confederate soldiers killed; 225,000 wounded 2,400,000 served during the war The two governments combined to spend $3.3 billion

The War Changes Lives 1865 – the Thirteenth Amendment is passed Many soldiers had to decide what to do with their lives following the war Many veterans returned to their small towns after the war 1881, Barton helped form the American Red Cross

The Assassination of Lincoln April 14, 1865 – Lincoln went to Ford’s Theatre to see Our American Cousin John Wilkes Booth was eventually caught and shot 12 days later Lincoln died at 7:22 A.M. on April 15 7 million Americans attended Lincoln’s funeral train America faced two major issues now without Lincoln