The End of Empire: Experiments with Freedom Spring 2015

Challenges to Independence Large population—developing nations (third world) 70% of world’s population

Experiments in Political Order: Party, Army and Democracy Common Conditions Common Conditions India: Western style democracy India: Western style democracy Africa: initially rejects democracy Africa: initially rejects democracy In many cases the military takes power In many cases the military takes power

Latin America and coups

Latin America Historically, military often involved Historically, military often involved Often challenges the elite Often challenges the elite Elites are often backed by the U. S.—Chile 1970 Elites are often backed by the U. S.—Chile 1970

Western Style Democracy…Don’t call it a comeback! Western Democracy reemerges across the world in the 1980s Western Democracy reemerges across the world in the 1980s Spain, Portugal, Greece, Soviet Union, Latin America, Africa, Asia Spain, Portugal, Greece, Soviet Union, Latin America, Africa, Asia Most recent—middle east Most recent—middle east Why so sudden? Why so sudden?

Experiments with Economics Is poverty inevitable? Is poverty inevitable? The state should rev up the economy, not private industry The state should rev up the economy, not private industry Isolation or world market? Isolation or world market? Each region has deleoped differentyl Each region has deleoped differentyl

Experiments in Culture: Turkey and Iran

Islam in Turkey Modernity vs. tradition Modernity vs. tradition Turkey goes modern post WWI Turkey goes modern post WWI Culture, Society, dress, women Culture, Society, dress, women

Islam in Iran Opposition to Shah who was western and backed by U.S.—1970s Opposition to Shah who was western and backed by U.S.—1970s The Shah’s western reforms offended some muslims The Shah’s western reforms offended some muslims The mosque becomes center of politics The mosque becomes center of politics Sharia law replaces secular Sharia law replaces secular Women’s rights Women’s rights While swinging toward Islam, the country continued to modernize While swinging toward Islam, the country continued to modernize