Classification. In order to make their job easier, scientists classify living things into groups, based on how they are the same, and how they are different.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification

In order to make their job easier, scientists classify living things into groups, based on how they are the same, and how they are different.

What is Classification? Classification arranges objects, ideas, or information into groups by finding common traits or characteristics.

The Science of Classification Scientist who classify or organize organisms (animals and plants) are called taxonomists. Taxonomists study taxonomy.

The History of Organization Aristotle BC Interested in biological classification. Patterns in nature. Carl Linnaeus ACE Father of Biological Classification!

Binomial Nomenclature Two-word naming system –Genus Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized –Specific epithet Descriptive, Lower Case, Underlined or Italicized –Together they are the species name. Without the genus name, the specific epithet is meaningless

Common name: Robin Erithacus rubicula Turdus migratorus

Common name: Black and Polar Bear Ursus americanus Ursus maritimus

Why not use common names? Scientists avoid using common names because they are often not specific to a particular species and can be confusing. Different countries (and different regions within countries) have different common names for the same organisms Common names such as blue crab, redfish, and dolphin are successfully used in casual communication, and convey an immediate idea of what a particular animal or plant looks like.

Groups are also arranged in hierarchical order.

Hierarchical Classification Taxonomic categories –Domain (big)Dear –Kingdom King –Phylum Philip –Class Came –Order Over –Family For –Genus Good –Species (small)Soup

What are Dichotomous Keys? a method for determining the identity of something (like the name of a butterfly, a plant, a lichen, or a rock) by going through a series of choices that leads the user to the correct name of the item. Dichotomous means "divided in two parts".

Using a dichotomous key At each step of the process of using the key, the user is given two choices; each alternative leads to another question until the item is identified. 1a. If the leaves are flat….go to question 4. 1b. If the leaves are needle-like….go to question 2. 2a. Are the needles in a bunch? Go to question 5 2b. Are they spread along the branch?“…pine tree Eventually, when enough questions have been answered, the identity of the tree is revealed.

Alien Dichotomous Key Work individually to complete the Alien Dichotomous key We will do the first one together. WHEN DONE HOLD ON TO YOUR PAPER WE WILL DO MORE

On the back–Create your own dichotomous key Create a dichotomous key to identify 2 people in this classroom, using questions based on gender, hair length/color, glasses (or not), clothing color, etc. 1a. Is this person male? Go to question 2. 1b. Is this person female? Go to question 3.

Turn in papers to your class box!! Obtain a copy of your homework and start working on it till Ms. Hodges Calls for time! DO NOT PACK UP EARLY!!!! Vocab Quiz tomorrow!!!!!!!

Quiz tomorrow!!!!!!!

1.Start by observing the group of things to be used in the key. 2.List the most general traits that can be used to divide the organisms into categories. 3.create a series of numbered steps with the first step showing the first characteristic you used. At each step, offer two choices for classifying the beetle based on a single characteristic. 4.There should be one less step than the total number of organism to be identified in your dichotomous key.