Economic Development & Use of Resources.

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Presentation transcript:

Economic Development & Use of Resources

Agricultural Systems Arable, pastoral and mixed farming: Arable farms cultivate crops. (No Livestock) Pastoral farming: Involves livestock (Dairy, Beef Cattle, etc) Mixed farming: Cultivate crops and raising livestock, together.

Arable Farm

Pastoral Farm

Modern livestock farm

Mixed Farming

Mixed farm. Aquaponics.

Subsistence & Commercial Farming Subsistence farming: Most basic model of agriculture. Product consumed by farmer. Commercial farming: Sell everything that the farm produces. Profit purposes.

Extensive & intensive farming Extensive Farming: Cover large areas of land. Small amount of produce is obtained in relation to the size of the farm. Intensive Farming: High production in comparison to size of the land. Market gardening, dairy farming and horticulture. Organic Farming: No manufactured chemicals are used. (Fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, etc). Higher labor requirements.

Plantation crops Plantation crops: Large farms producing a single cash crop. Originally developed in tropical areas. They are an example of monoculture (growing one dominant crop, tea, coffee, rubber, bananas and sugar cane). Water-intensive staple crop: 90% of agricultural water is used for rice production. 5000 liters of water are used to produce 1 kg of rice. Terracing is creating levels of cultivating sections of soil.

Banana plantation

Rice plantation

Food shortages Causes: Soil exhaustion, drought, floods, tropical cyclones, pests and disease. (Natural) Low investment, rising population, poor distribution/transportation, conflict.

Food aid and Green Revolution Relief food aid: Delivered directly during crisis. Programme food aid: Provided to a country’s government for sale at local markets. Project food aid: Targeted at specific group of people as part of a long term effort.

The Green Revolution Advantages: Yields are higher than traditional farming. Shorter growing season. Farming incomes increase. More variety Better infraestructure

The green revolution Disadvantages: Middle and higher income farmers benefit more than small farmers. Mechanization increased rural unemployment. Taste of many products have changed. The UN has reported diseases related to nutritional value of Green Revolution Crops.