Renesas Electronics America Inc. © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved. Class ID: RL78 Ultra Low Power MCU Lab Michael Clodfelter Sr. Staff Application Engineer CL07I

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.2 Mike Clodfelter Sr. Staff Application Engineer for Renesas Electronics 16bit RL78 ultra-low power MCUs Specialist in Low-Power, battery-operated MCU apps PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE: Joined NEC Electronics America in senior FAE specializing in MCUs, LCD drive & VF displays, white goods & Industrial control/automation markets. Staff FAE from , adding segments; cable modem, digital AV, telecom equipment and automotive modules to responsibilities. MCU Technical marketing for K0R and RL78 from Prior to NEC/Renesas, design engineer at Motorola Communications Group, Schaumburg IL BSEE from Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Member of the IEEE professional association Active in Amateur Radio, with Extra class license Hobbies: hiking, biking

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.3 Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.4 Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.5 Microcontroller and Microprocessor Line-up Wide Format LCDs  Industrial & Automotive, 130nm  350µA/MHz, 1µA standby 44 DMIPS, True Low Power Embedded Security, ASSP 165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC 1200 DMIPS, Performance 1200 DMIPS, Superscalar 500 DMIPS, Low Power 165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC 25 DMIPS, Low Power 10 DMIPS, Capacitive Touch  Industrial & Automotive, 150nm  190µA/MHz, 0.3µA standby  Industrial, 90nm  200µA/MHz, 1.6µA deep standby  Automotive & Industrial, 90nm  600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby  Automotive & Industrial, 65nm  600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby  Automotive, 40nm  500µA/MHz, 35µA deep standby  Industrial, 40nm  200µA/MHz, 0.3µA deep standby  Industrial, 90nm  1mA/MHz, 100µA standby  Industrial & Automotive, 130nm  144µA/MHz, 0.2µA standby bit 8/16-bit

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.6 Challenge: “In the smart society sensors and instruments are no longer tethered to power lines or network cables. Sensors will be on our bodies, our pets, in remote fields and they will have to run for years on small batteries or utilizing energy harvesting techniques.” Solution: RL78 Ultra low power MCU family “This lab will demonstrate the Ultra-low power RL78 MCU family and it’s many on-chip low power peripherals, to create a more energy efficient embedded product, with longer battery life or capable of being powered from many different energy harvesting sources” ‘Enabling The Smart Society’

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.7 Agenda (1) I.Intro to Renesas RL78 Ultra low power MCU main features/attributes II.Intro to Applilet for RL78/G14 - Device driver code generator III.Lab Objectives IV.Lab Materials V.Do the Lab VI.Recap – what did we learn

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.8 Leading Edge - RL78 Low Power MCU Low Power Efficient Scalable  Lower power technology ●CPU, flash, system  Low active power ●As low as 66uA/MHz  Low standby power ●0.45uA (STOP + 32kHz + RTC) ●0.23uA ( STOP )  Low power peripherals ●LVD, RTC, WDT  Wake up from standby ●19.1 usec  Long interval capability ●0.5 sec to 1 month  SNOOZE mode ●ADC, UART/CSI(SPI)

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.9 RL78 Low Power Comparisons RL78 is dramatically better for all power modes! STOP CPU Clock Peripheral* RUN CPU ClockPeripheral HALT CPU ClockPeripheral Operating Mode A RL BCD Micro-Amps/ MHz Halt Mode: RTC + LVD A RL BCD Micro-Amps 14 Note: 1: At 32MHz (NOP instructions) 2: At 32 MHz (Basic operation) Stop Mode: LVD A BCD Micro-Amps RL78 Disabled Enabled 144

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.10 Lower Power With Configurable Peripherals ItemsRL78 CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + Interval + RTC + WDT + LVD 0.81uA CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + RTC 0.49uA CPU STOP + LOCO Clock + 12-bit Interval Timer 0.45uA CPU STOP + WDT (with LOCO Clk = 15KHz) 0.45uA CPU STOP + LVD 0.31uA CPU STOP 0.23uA VDD=3V Note1:WDT includes LOCO current Note2: All the power consumptions above are typical values of RL78/G13(64KB)

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.11 System Low Power Technique Int. Oscillator: 15 kHz ± 15% Int. Oscillator: Selectable 1,4,8,12,16,24,3 2 MHz Ext. Oscillator: MHz *2 CPU *1, 2 Flash RTC ADC *2 Watchdog Selector TAU0 *2 TAU1 *2 ON/OF F SAU0 *2 SAU1 *2 IICA0 *2 IICA1 *2 Ext. Oscillator: kHz ON/OF F LVD *1 Operation stopped in Halt mode *2 Operation stopped in STOP mode Interval Sel ect or OscillatorsClock lines Functions

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.12 Internal voltage regulator I/O Ext. osc. block MCU core Volt- age reg. DAC ADC CPU POR/ POC Int. HS osc. WDT RTC I/O LCD C/D with booster Op- amp Voltage ref. Timers Serial Low volt detect Com- parator Clock gen. stby control Using Internal Low Dropout Voltage Regulator to Minimize Current Drain Internal core LDO voltage regulator - Keeps CPU and core function current drains constant Functions attached to I/O pins - Current drains rise proportionally to supply voltage 1.8V 2.4V 3.0V 3.6V 4.2V 4.8V 5.5V Supply Voltage Supply Current, CPU and Core Peri- pherals MCUs with No Internal Voltage Reg; Current Drain Increases with Supply Voltage! MCUs with No Internal Voltage Reg; Current Drain Increases with Supply Voltage! MCUs with an Internal Voltage Reg; Current Drain Constant Over Supply Voltage! MCUs with an Internal Voltage Reg; Current Drain Constant Over Supply Voltage! 1.8V 2.4V 3.0V 3.6V 4.2V 4.8V 5.5V Supply Voltage

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.13 RL78 Operation modes LV (Low-voltage) mode: 1 to 4 MHz (VDD = 1.6 to 5.5 V) LS (Low-speed) mode: 1 to 8 MHz (VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V) HS (High-speed) mode: 1 to 16 MHz (VDD = 2.4 to 5.5 V) HS (High-speed) mode: 1 to 32 MHz (VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V) Regulator Output Voltage Conditions VDD REGC Pin VSS CPU, Periphe rals I/O Etc. Reg RL78 ModeOutput voltageConditions LV (low voltage) mode 1.8VAll LS (low speed) mode 1.8VAll HS (high-speed) mode 1.8VSTOP 2.1VActive User selects mode based on system max frequency and min VDD voltage

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.14 Applilet device driver code generator Applilet is a software tool to generate device driver code to initialize and use on-chip peripherals Full code generation for IAR EWRL78 Applilet API specification CPU device layer RL78 CPU core CPU device layer CPU application layer User application layer RL78 CPU core CPU device layer CPU application layer RL78 CPU core CPU device layer RL78 CPU core CPU application layer User application layer Applilet configurator Applilet

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.15 Applilet device driver code generator Easy to use graphical user interface (GUI) Common API for easy code porting across families Integrated project wizard guides user through the creation of new project After peripheral configuration, C source code can be generated Configuration changes can be merged with existing user code User code in protected areas is saved during rebuild of the Applilet files No royalty fees

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.16 Lab Objectives Demonstrate the low power modes of the RL78 Generate IAR project using Applilet Edit/Compile/build/debug the project in IAR IDE Lab Materials Laptop PC with IAR/Applilet tools pre-installed IAR Kickstart V KS Applilet3 for RL78/G14 V Renesas flash programmer V1.03 YRPBRL78G14 target board USB cable Multimeter Skill Level New to RL78/ IAR Tools RL78 Ultra-Low Power Lab

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.17 Page 3, Step 1.7; With the program running in normal 32 MHz mode record the current on the multimeter._________________ mA Page 4, Step 1.8; Now select the “Halt” button and record the multimeter current. ___________ mA Page 4, Step 1.10; Select the “Stop” button and record the multimeter current. __________ mA Page 14, Step 4.3; With the program running in normal 32 MHz mode record the current on the multimeter ______________ mA Page 15, Step 4.7; Click “Debug-> Go” or press F5 to RUN the program and record the current. ___________ mA Page 16, Step 4.11; Click “Debug-> Go” or press F5 to RUN the program and record the current ___________________ mA Page 18, Step 5.7; Now build and connect to the debugger. Run the program and note the stop current. _________________ mA Page 18, Step 5.8; Change the __stop(); command to a __halt(); command and compare the currents. (_________________ mA) Page 24, Step 6:15; To run the program you just programmed, remove the four option jumpers and plug it back into the USB port. … You should now see the low power current that was shown in the demo. (_________________ mA) Typical Lab Measurements

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.18 RL78 – Ultra Low power STOP Modes ItemsRL78 CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + Interval + RTC + WDT + LVD 0.81uA CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + RTC +WDT +LVD 0.79uA CPU STOP + LOCO Clock + Interval + WDT + LVD 0.55uA CPU STOP + WDT (with LOCO Clk) + LVD 0.53uA CPU STOP + LVD 0.31uA CPU STOP 0.23uA VDD=3V Note1:WDT includes LOCO current Note2: All the power consumptions above are typical values of RL78/G13(64KB)

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.19 What have we learned? – Turn off the OCD block TK-USB OCD/ Flash Programming Interface E1 – OCD/ Flash Programming Interface TK-USB or E1 Interface RL78 MCU OCD/Flash programming Tool0 Reset VDD Gnd Turn Off On-Chip-Debug Interface Function for Release Code Bi-Directional data Mode Control Start

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.20 I/O drive and loading What have we learned? – Avoid “Sneak paths” on I/O Lines. MCU General purpose I/O pin, Output = Low IOL VOL Output Low Loading Ext. Circuit Output High Loading IOH VOH MCU General purpose I/O pin, Output = High Ext. Circuit VDD = 3.0 Volts R R Pull-Up Turned On Output data P-ch N-ch P-ch Output disable Pull-up enable Input enable Input data VDD Input Pull up/Pull down Pin Loading Ext. Circuit Pull-Up Turned On

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.21 Phenomena of floating inputs (due to contaminated PCBs) What have we learned? – Avoid Floating Input Pins 0V 1.0V 2.0V 3.0V 4.0V 5.0V 5.0V 4.0V 3.0V 2.0V 1.0V 0V 5uA 4uA 3uA I DD 2uA 1uA 0uA Vout Vin Side Bar: PCB cleanliness Board contaminants can often swamp out nano-amp standby currents INPUT pin P-ch N-ch Gate VDD To Internal MCU circuits IDD = “On” currents Leakage paths VDD 10 MegOhm? 10 MegOhm? 10 MegOhm? 10 MegOhm?

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.22 Questions? Questions?

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.23 Challenge: “In the smart society sensors and instruments are no longer tethered to power lines or network cables. Sensors will be on our bodies, our pets, in remote fields and they will have to run for years on small batteries or utilizing energy harvesting techniques.” “This lab will demonstrate the Ultra-low power RL78 MCU family and it’s many on-chip low power peripherals, to create a more energy efficient embedded product, with longer battery life or capable of being powered from many different energy harvesting sources” Do you agree that we accomplished the above statement? ‘Enabling The Smart Society’ in Review…

© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.24 Please utilize the ‘Guidebook’ application to leave feedback or Ask me for the paper feedback form for you to use… Please Provide Your Feedback…

Renesas Electronics America Inc. © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.