ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 1 19 th – 23 rd June 2006 Nairobi, Kenya

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 2 Module 4: Traditional and Improved Biomass - Improved Woodstove Dissemination Maxwell Mapako CSIR Pretoria, South Africa

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 3 Project dissemination mechanisms: Zimbabwe FreeSubsidizedFee for service Private commercial Improved stoves Demonstration phase 1. DoE, Silveira hse etc. Subsidized dissemination mostly by DoE n/aTrained trainers and their trainees as in ProBEC

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 4 Brick stoves Generally high mass brick and mortar Used ~half bag of cement Metal grate, hotplate and chimney (provided) Built against wall in kitchen Usually reduced smoke indoors Affordability generally not an issue

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 5 Brick stove outcomes Tens of thousands disseminated (dissemination success) Some employment for builders and local tinsmiths Severe cracking problems with mortar, result: high maintenance requirement Majority abandoned in both hot and cold areas Many modifications e.g.. ovens added Design drift; impact on efficiency?

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 6 Important inhibitory factors Lack of local knowledge (chimney orientation, preferred cooking position) Need to cook inside and outside (eg if using cowdung or in very hot weather). Stove fixed Need for effective space heating in winter Excessive maintenance load and cost of additional cement

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 7 ProBEC Regional stove project Program for Biomass Energy Conservation in Southern Africa (ProBEC): Joint program of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), the European Commission (EC) and the German government. Financial support is mainly from Forestry Sector of the EC. The German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) is the implementing agency. The SADC Council of Ministers officially adopted ProBEC as a SADC project in August 1999

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 8 Dissemination approach Project trains trainers and facilitates exchange of information Trainers train other builders from neighbouring areas Builder charges client, cost ~US$2 per stove Owner usually participates in building and decides position of stove No chimney Made of clay Stoves built inside and outside kitchen

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 9 Success factors Easily affordable, barter possible Low cost allows building internal and external stoves for same household 100% local raw materials Maintenance possible by owner Training simple, builds on local skills (pottery) Flexible positioning of stove Wood savings acknowledged by users

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 10 Lessons Variations in preferences even in same country indicate need for flexibility Stove use may be affected by climate, there may be a case for portable stoves Simple maintenance and low cost important

ADB FINESSE Training Course on Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Poverty Reduction 11 Thank you