The United States Constitution

The Articles of Confederation Weaknesses WeaknessChange in Constitution No Standing Army Federal Government is given the power to raise and maintain a standing army No Federal Taxation Congress is granted the power to tax, impose duty and raise tariffs No Single National Currency Congress is granted sole power to coin money No Executive Leadership A strong executive (President) is created Each State had Equal Vote in Congress Bicameral Legislature with proportional representation in the House of Reps. Required Unanimous Vote to Amend The 1787 Constitutional Convention completely replaced the Articles rather than amending them

Shay’s Rebellion an armed uprising in western Massachusetts from 1786 to 1787 led by Daniel Shays small farmers angered by crushing debt and taxes There was no army to take down rebellion Militia finally takes them down

Constitutional Convention 1787 Independence Hall in Philadelphia 55 delegates from all the states except Rhode Island Delegates included: –George Washington – Ben Franklin –James Madison –Alexander Hamilton

The States Debate Representation

The Three Major Compromises of The Constitutional Convention The states all had major differences in population, size, types of industry etc. They had to debate some basics in government before they could begin writing

#1 The Great Compromise (Connecticut Plan) Bicameral- legislature which consists of two chambers or houses Senate Senate HouseHouse

#2 3/5ths Compromise only three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for southern population Population determined the number of representative in the House of Representatives

#3 Commerce and Slave Trade Southerners would allow for Congress to regulate trade IF they did not pass laws prohibiting slave trade for 20 years

Wednesday February 28 th Please get notebooks out. They need to be checked for a homework grade. Study yesterday’s notes for a “POP” Quiz on Articles of Confederation and the 3 Compromises

Quiz 1.List two problems the Articles of Confederation had an how the Constitution solved each. 2.What were the Three Constitutional Compromises? ** 5 points a piece** You can not make up these quizzes if you were here.

Federalism Sharing of power between Federal Government and State Governments. the Federal Government is superior to the State Governments ***For example, a state could not pass a law that directly contradicted a law passed on the federal level. Within these principles, power is divided among the federal and state governments.

Divided Powers in US Government The Constitution clearly outlines State and Federal Powers Delegated Powers - to specifically assign powers to the Federal Government. Reserved Powers - Powers reserved or saved for the State Governments. Concurrent Powers - Concurrent means "at the same time", powers that the federal and state governments have simultaneously.

YOUR TURN! Create a graphic organizer, Cartoon, Image, etc. Representing the Division of Power in the United States government.

Division of Powers in US Government DELEGATED POWERS Those powers specifically granted the Federal Government by the Constitution. Regulate interstate and international trade Coin money Declare war Maintain an armed forces Establish a postal system Enforce copyrights Sign treaties CONCURRENT POWERS Powers that are shared by both the Federal and State Governments Power to tax Maintain courts Borrow money RESERVED POWERS Those powers not delegated to the Federal Government or denied the states are reserved for the states.  Regulate intrastate trade  Establish schools  Establish local governments  Pass statewide laws (ex. safety belt laws)  Run elections

Implied Powers - NOT specifically delegated in the Constitution, but are understood to be necessary or allowed. –The elastic clause or necessary and proper clause allows these by stating that Congress has the power "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers" (art. I, sec. 8). Examples include: Hamilton's creation of the National Bank Regulation of Railroads, Shipping, Highways Denied Powers - These are powers that are are specifically NOT allowed to either the federal or state governments.