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AP Human Geography 5 Themes of Geography

what is geography? The study of spatial variation How and why things differ from place to place on the surface of the earth The study of how observable spatial patterns evolved through time

Spatial variation: predominant religion

Why spatial variation exists: earthquakes

Changes over time: deforestation

what is geography? Geography is a spatial science Spatial behavior of people Spatial relationships between places Spatial processes that create or maintain those behaviors and relationships

Spatial behavior of people: population

Spatial relationships between places: trade

Spatial processes: urban commuting

Spatial, spatial, spatial -adjective 1. of or pertaining to space. 2. existing or occurring in space; having extension in space

Spatial, spatial, spatial OK, try this: Slap the desk of your neighbor. What happened in the room?

Say Hello to PLIRM The 5 Themes of Geography P lace L ocation I nteraction (Human/Environment) R egion M ovement

1) Place: the distinctive and distinguishing physical and human characteristics of locales Vocab : Physical geography and cultural landscape, sense of place Skills: Description, compare and contrast Questions: What does ____ look like? Why? How is it different from ____? Five themes of geography

2) Location: the meaning of absolute and relative position on the earth's surface Vocab : Global Positioning Systems (GPS), scale, latitude and longitude, distance Skills: Map reading, identification Questions: Where is ____? Where is ____ relative to where I am?

Relative and absolute location Everyone Stand up! Tell the person next to you: Where you were born? Where you live? (not exact address of course… creepers!) Where’s the most beautiful place you’ve ever been?

Clear Falls High School degrees North degrees West YOU ARE HEREYOU ARE HERE Location:

3) Interaction (Human/Environment): The relationships within places or the development and consequences of human-environment relationships Vocab : Ecosystems, resource, environmental hazard, pollution Skills: Evaluation, analysis Questions: What human-environment relationships are occurring? How do they affect the place and its inhabitants? Five themes of geography

4) Regions: how they form and change – Formal Regions Regions defined by governmental or administrative boundaries (States, Countries, Cities) Regions defined by similar characteristics (Corn Belt, Rocky Mountain region, Chinatown). – Functional Regions Regions defined area organized around a NODE or focal point (newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area, subway, Chinatown). – Vernacular/Perceptual Regions Regions defined by peoples perception of something existing based on people’s cultural identity (middle east, the south, home, Chinatown.) Skills: Synthesis, application Questions: How has this spatial pattern developed? Will it continue to change? Five themes of geography

Formal? Functional? Perceptual?

5) Movement: patterns and change in human spatial interaction on the earth Vocab: Migration, diffusion, globalization Skills: Explanation, prediction Questions: Why did people move from one place to another? What does it mean for the people and places involved? What affect did their new ideas have on the native population? Five themes of geography

Worldwide Net Migration

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