The History of Canadian Trade

The European Connection John Cabot lands on the shores of Newfoundland in 1497 John Cabot lands on the shores of Newfoundland in 1497 Cabot was looking for spices (he thought he had found the orient), but didn’t. Cabot was looking for spices (he thought he had found the orient), but didn’t. (What he found a lot of, was fish!) (What he found a lot of, was fish!) NYB7Sko NYB7Sko NYB7Sko NYB7Sko

During the 1500s and 1600s, hundreds of fishing boats from Europe came over to fish for cod on the East coast of Canada. During the 1500s and 1600s, hundreds of fishing boats from Europe came over to fish for cod on the East coast of Canada. The cod found a large market in Europe once it had been dried, salted, and taken back to Europe at the end of the fishing season. The cod found a large market in Europe once it had been dried, salted, and taken back to Europe at the end of the fishing season.

Other ships that came over and traded with the aboriginal peoples for furs. Other ships that came over and traded with the aboriginal peoples for furs. Beaver fur was waterproof, durable, and could be shaped in many different ways. Beaver fur was waterproof, durable, and could be shaped in many different ways. Beaver hats became a fashion rage in Europe that was to last over a century! Beaver hats became a fashion rage in Europe that was to last over a century!

Even though the French, Dutch, and English still wished to find a route to Asia, they were realizing there was lots of $$ to be made in the fur trade as well. Even though the French, Dutch, and English still wished to find a route to Asia, they were realizing there was lots of $$ to be made in the fur trade as well. Samuel de Champlain, in the early 1600s, established the first permanent settlement of Europeans in Canada. (He was from France.) Samuel de Champlain, in the early 1600s, established the first permanent settlement of Europeans in Canada. (He was from France.)

Trade had provided the stimulus for settling North America (& Canada) Trade had provided the stimulus for settling North America (& Canada) Two French explorers and entrepreneurs (Radisson and des Grolliers) wished to set up their own company in the new world, but the French government in Quebec would not grant them a trading license. Two French explorers and entrepreneurs (Radisson and des Grolliers) wished to set up their own company in the new world, but the French government in Quebec would not grant them a trading license. So, instead, they received backing from the English government (and received a Royal Charter to set up business in the Hudson Bay area) So, instead, they received backing from the English government (and received a Royal Charter to set up business in the Hudson Bay area)

May 2, 1670… In 1670, the Hudson Bay Company was founded. In 1670, the Hudson Bay Company was founded. The Hudson Bay Blanket was first manufactured and marketed in Hudson's Bay Company

For almost a hundred years, the French fur trading merchants and those working for the Hudson Bay Company fought for control of the fur trade. For almost a hundred years, the French fur trading merchants and those working for the Hudson Bay Company fought for control of the fur trade. Both French and English had been given sole permission from their respective European governments – which meant they were constantly competing with one another. Both French and English had been given sole permission from their respective European governments – which meant they were constantly competing with one another. (The French and English were eventually to fight a war over who would control Canada.) (The French and English were eventually to fight a war over who would control Canada.)

Aboriginal Groups The trapped and hunted animals were no longer used just for survival (food, clothing, and shelter) The trapped and hunted animals were no longer used just for survival (food, clothing, and shelter) Self-sufficiency was being replaced by the principles of trade. Self-sufficiency was being replaced by the principles of trade. Interdependence (the reliance of two or more groups to fulfill the needs and wants of the other) was on the rise. Interdependence (the reliance of two or more groups to fulfill the needs and wants of the other) was on the rise.

Trade… Settlements were established to support the fur trade. Settlements were established to support the fur trade. However, not much manufacturing could be done. However, not much manufacturing could be done. So, raw goods were sent to Europe and manufactured goods were brought back. So, raw goods were sent to Europe and manufactured goods were brought back.

Early Trade between Canada and Europe

Activity.. Read the ‘International Company Profile’ on page 11 of your text. Read the ‘International Company Profile’ on page 11 of your text. Answer the questions 1 & 2 at the bottom of the page. Answer the questions 1 & 2 at the bottom of the page. How is HBC doing in 2012? (Search the internet to find this information.) How is HBC doing in 2012? (Search the internet to find this information.) What is the current focus of HBC’s business activities? What is the current focus of HBC’s business activities?

The American Connection We have already discussed the differences between the two countries’ economies. We have already discussed the differences between the two countries’ economies. American Revolution sent Loyalists North American Revolution sent Loyalists North Invasions were tried over and over. Invasions were tried over and over. War of 1812 caused by trade tensions. War of 1812 caused by trade tensions. Trade was more natural north-south. Trade was more natural north-south.

Trade with Asia Motivated early explorers to come to North America Did not really resume until after the Second World War (1950s) Did not really resume until after the Second World War (1950s) Japan had been decimated – but with North American aid, rebuilt its factories to the highest standards. Japan had been decimated – but with North American aid, rebuilt its factories to the highest standards.

Japan entered the North American market in the 1950s Japan entered the North American market in the 1950s –Selling inexpensive toys, novelties, and electronics equipment. If it said ‘made in Japan’, it was considered ‘cheap’. If it said ‘made in Japan’, it was considered ‘cheap’. Many companies tried to counter this image – but the Totsuko company (later Sony) became the most famous because of its pocket radio. Many companies tried to counter this image – but the Totsuko company (later Sony) became the most famous because of its pocket radio.

Japan’s reputation for cameras, electronics, and automobiles grew steadily through the twentieth century. Japan’s reputation for cameras, electronics, and automobiles grew steadily through the twentieth century. In only a few decades, Japanese brands like: In only a few decades, Japanese brands like: –Nintendo –Honda –Sanyo –Fuji –Panasonic –Sony Have all become household names.

Pacific Rim Japan has led the other Pacific Rim countries into international trade. Japan has led the other Pacific Rim countries into international trade. It is now a major trading partner with Canada. It is now a major trading partner with Canada.

Pacific Rim Pacific Rim countries have 29 of the top 50 busiest ports in the world. Pacific Rim countries have 29 of the top 50 busiest ports in the world. -Shanghai (1 st ) Ningbo-Zhousan (6 th ) -Shanghai (1 st ) Ningbo-Zhousan (6 th ) -Singapore (2 nd ) Guangzhou Harbour (7 th ) -Singapore (2 nd ) Guangzhou Harbour (7 th ) -Hong Kong (3 rd ) Qingdao (8 th ) -Hong Kong (3 rd ) Qingdao (8 th ) -Shenzhen (4 th ) Dubai (9 th ) -Shenzhen (4 th ) Dubai (9 th ) -Busan (5 th ) Tianjin (10 th ) -Busan (5 th ) Tianjin (10 th )

Homework Page 11 # 1, 2 Page 11 # 1, 2 ICE p 16 # 3 a and b ICE p 16 # 3 a and b FOR THURSDAY FOR THURSDAY