CLASS 32. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY Physical health influenced by psychological health IF SO: possible prevention rather than fixing the problem afterward THEMES.

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Presentation transcript:

CLASS 32

HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

Physical health influenced by psychological health IF SO: possible prevention rather than fixing the problem afterward THEMES

Physical health influenced by psychological health IF SO: suggests possible prevention rather than fixing the problem afterward STRATEGIES: Avoid causes or manage emotions THEMES

HISTORY Psycho-somatic effects Behavioral medicine Health Psychology Suggests a focus on prevention, rather than cure

STRESS - HEALTH CYCLE

Why do people get sick? BIOMEDICAL MODEL Exposure to pathogens Immune response either sufficient or insufficient

STRESS

Stress and health outcomes Acute stress Chronic stress Physical problems Psychological problems

Sequence leading to physical problems Stressful event Cognitive appraisal ( interpretation ) Physical activation (eg endocrine system) Health problems

Mechanism CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASE

Sequence leading to psychological problems Stressful event Cognitive appraisal ( interpretation ) Adjustment disorder (mild) PTSD (serious)

Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome PTSD PTSD

Coping can help examples REAPPRAISAL  Reframing of event to provide a more adaptive meaning STRESS REDUCTION  Relaxation  Social support

Research Methods

Problems  Ethics of experiments e.g., Social support studies  Design problem  Correlation vs. causation

New methods Cold studies  Induce a cold Examine effects of stress, social support, etc

“Hickie” studies  Induce a welt  Examine care giver stress

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

Type A personality Self-induced stress  Therefore, curable Work-a-holic, Impatient Actually two of the Big Five  (agreeableness; neuroticism)

Conscientiousness Health  Adds 7.5 years to lifespan Better self-care Better medical care

Neuroticism Intrinsic stress : biological vulnerability Situational : neurotics get themselves into trouble

Disagreeableness Grouchiness damages immune system Self-induced conflict: fights cause stress

PREVENTION Controllable factors: AVOIDANCE Positive health behaviors (sleep, nutrition, relaxation) MANAGEMENT Social relationships (support, conflict) Coping strategies: Stress/emotions TRADEOFF AWARENESS

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