BELLWORK Why did people want to leave England and live in the new English colonies in America? (3 reasons!) What was the Iroquois Alliance? What is Beringia? What was the Proclamation Line of 1763? THINKER: What do YOU think is the most important characteristic of an effective government?

Columbian Exchange Columbian Exchange: Exchange of animals, plants, cultures, slaves, and diseases between the New World and the Old World. Traded crops and livestock Diseases, especially smallpox, killed % of Native populations. First appearance of African slaves

Old World Native Plants Citrus, apple, banana, mango, rice, wheat, coffee, and onion.

New World Native Plants Corn, tomato, potato, vanilla, rubber, cocoa, and tobacco.

Smallpox

Themes in the English Colonies 1.Freedom of Religion Maryland – Catholic Massachusetts Bay Colony – Puritan Pennsylvania – Quaker Rhode Island – 1 st to allow choice of religion

Themes in the English Colonies 2.Pursuit of economic freedom, particularly land ownership and private property. Companies invested in the development of colonies Indentured servants could come to America and earn land Virginia and North Carolina – Tobacco South Carolina – rice

Themes in the English Colonies 3.Colonies created political institutions similar to England, but with more protection from the government 1619: Jamestown elected the first legislative assembly 1620 Mayflower Compact established a civil government England’s Declaration of Rights established freedom of speech, due process, right to bear arms, and forbade cruel and unusual punishment

CLOSURE What were the advantages and disadvantages of the Columbian Exchange? Explain the three themes in the English colonies.

The Mayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact was an important document written by Puritans in It became the foundation for other significant contracts, like the U.S. Constitution. We are now going to discuss the components of the Mayflower Compact and its importance to the English colonies.

In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are under- written, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of NovemberHaving undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, (do by these presents solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God, and one of another, covenant and combine our selves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.) In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November 21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty- fourth. Anno Dom