Do Now What is the scientific method? (use your notes)

Unit 1 The Nature of Life Ch. 1 The Science of Biology

What Science Is and Is Not The goal of science is to investigate & understand the natural world, to explain events in the natural world, & to use those explanations to make useful predictions

What is Science? Science – an organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

Thinking Like a Scientist Observation – process of gathering info about events or processes Data – info gathered from observations Inference – an interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience

Explaining & Interpreting Evidence Hypotheses – a proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations (if…then…)

Designing an Experiment 1. Ask a question 2. Form a hypothesis 3. Set up a controlled experiment –Controlled experiment – where only 1 variable is tested at a time, everything else is kept constant

Designing an Experiment 4. Record & analyze results 5. Draw a conclusion

Building Science Skills Recall a common superstition, such as the one that proposes that a black cat crossing your path brings bad luck or your own. How would you use an experiment to verify or disprove this superstition. Using the steps on the next slide. Work in groups of three and design an experiment using the scientific method Write steps in your NUA notebook and leave room to write a response to each step

Scientific Method Steps Ask a question Form a hypothesis Set up a controlled experiment Record and analyze data Draw a Conclusion

1-1 Section Assessment Write in your NUA notebook Get your textbook on the book shelve Go to page 7 in your textbook Answer questions 1, 3, 4 and 5 Homework (definitions of terms) Vocabulary: Spontaneous Generation, Controlled Experiment, Manipulated Variable, Responding Variable & Theory

Do Now List the 5 steps of the scientific method

How a Theory Develops As evidence from many investigations builds up, a hypothesis may become so well supported that scientists consider it a theory

Characteristics of Living Things Biology – the study of life Living things share The following 8 characteristics: 1. Made up of cells 2. Reproduce 3. Based on a universal genetic code 4. Grow & Develop

Characteristics of Living Things 5. Obtain & use materials & energy 6. Respond to their environment 7. Maintain a stable internal environment 8. As a group, living things change over time

Characteristics of Living Things Lab (write in your NUA notebook) Work in groups of 2 and examine the 2 pictures on the next slide. Car Cat Compare the two, noting similarities and differences. Collaborate using the characteristics of living things to write a paragraph explaining what makes the picture a living thing and the other not.

Pictures

Made Up of Cells Cell – a collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings –They can grow, respond to surroundings, & reproduce

Reproduction Sexual reproduction – 2 parents produce offspring Asexual reproduction – 1 parent produces offspring

There are two organisms shown in the photo, which organism represents sexual reproduction? Why does the other organism not represent sexual reproduction?

Based on a Genetic Code DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – molecule that carries directions for inheritance, for every organism on Earth

Growth & Development All living things grow during at least part of their lives

Need for Materials & Energy Metabolism – all the chemical reactions that take place within an organism, to carry out life processes, which requires energy

Response to the Environment Stimulus – a signal that an organism responds to –Ex.) when there is enough water, & the ground is warm enough, a plant seed responds by germinating

Maintaining Internal Balance Homeostasis – maintaining a stable internal environment, such as temperature & water content

Evolution As a group, any given kind of organism can evolve, or change over time

Branches of Biology Some of the levels that life can be studied include molecules, cells, organisms, populations of a single kind of organism, communities of different organisms in an area, & the biosphere At all of these levels, smaller living systems are found within larger systems

Complete flow chart of the Level of Organization (Page 21 textbook) Start with the broadest level on top and work you way down to the smallest level. Fill in __________ All ecosytems Ecosystem________ Fill in Fill in___________ Population in a defined area Population______ Fill in Fill in_________ Individual living things Groups of cells Fill in Fill In______ Smallest functional unit of life Molecule_ Fill In

1-2 Section Assessment Write in your NUA notebook Get your textbook on the book shelve Go to page 15 in your textbook Answer questions 1, 2, 3 and 4 Homework (definitions of terms) Vocabulary: biology, cell, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, metabolism, stimulus, homeostasis and evolution.

Do Now What is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction?

A Common Measurement System Most scientists use the metric system when collecting data & performing experiments Metric system – International System of Units, or SI

Microscopes Microscopes – devices that produce magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the naked eye

Light Microscopes Compound Light Microscope – produce a magnified image by focusing visible light rays

Electron Microscopes Electron microscopes – produce magnified images by focusing beams of electrons

Electron Microscopes The best electron microscopes can produce images almost 1000 times more detailed than light microscopes can

**Remember B.U.B. Objects, when viewed under a microscope, appear: Bigger, Upside down, & Backwards