MDMA (Ecstasy) Joshua A. Daniels

The Scientific name of MDMA is known by scientists as 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine It is a synthetic drug with both stimulant and hallucinogenic qualities. It is often referred to as a “designer drug”. Designer drug- is a copycat of another drug or a synthetic compound of two or more drugs.

According to the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, more than 10 million people have tried MDMA at least once. MDMA has been tested by scientists who did studies on this drug using animals since the 1980’s Fast Facts

Animal research shows that Ecstasy causes long lasting damages to serotonin. Serotonin is… Serotonin is a type of neurotransmitter that is found mainly in the central nervous system. In the CNS, serotonin helps regulate mood, sleep, appetite, learning and memory. Popular Name Molly: The Purest form of Ecstasy Facts

Appearance Tablets Capsule Each tablet or capsule has at least 60-120 milligrams Have branding such as Playboy Bunnies, Nike Swish and many other brandings Appearance

Street Names X Peace Clarity Adam Club Drug E Roll XTC Molly (Purest Form) Street Names

Created in the 1900’s in Germany to synthesize other pharmaceutical drugs. During the 1970s in the United States some psychiatrists began using MDMA as a psychotherapeutic drug even though the drug had never undergone formal clinical trials nor received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in people. History

In 1985, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency banned the drug, placing it on the list of Schedule I drugs with no proven therapeutic value. History Continued

Schedule Rating Federal Classification 1

Federal Classification 1 The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. Federal Classification 1

The most common use is to swallow The most common use is to swallow. There have been rare occasions where users have snorted, injected. Snorting: Burns nose Injected: Blocks small blood vessels Method of Use

Short Term Effects Enhanced sense of self-confidence and energy. Peacefulness acceptance and empathy Desire too touch others Dance for extended periods of time. Short Term Effects

Long-term effects such as: Drug Craving Involuntary teeth clenching Insomnia Anxiety Increased heart rate Kidney failure Memory Problems Blurred vision Long-term effects such as: These side effects can go away within 24 hours, or last up to a few weeks. The longest they been reported to last is six weeks.

Use of Ecstasy Under the age of 25 The number of current users in 2002 was estimated to be 676,000. The initiation of Ecstasy use in the U.S. has been rising steadily since 1992, with 1.8 million new users in 2001. Sold to a variety of ages and ethnic backgrounds. Predominantly in Caucasian youth. Drug effects the body within 1 hour. Use of Ecstasy

Age of Use

MDMA is taken orally, usually as a capsule or tablet MDMA is taken orally, usually as a capsule or tablet. Its effects last approximately 3 to 6 hours, although it is not uncommon for users to take a second dose of the drug as the effects of the first dose begin to fade. It is commonly taken in combination with other drugs. Abuse of Ecstasy

Dangers of Using in Clubs The effects of the drug givers users the ability to dance for extended periods. Combined with the hot crowded conditions at raves or parties this can lead to severe dehydration and increases in body temperature. This can lead to muscle breakdown and kidney, liver and cardiovascular failure. Cardiovascular failure has been reported in some of the Ecstasy-related fatalities. Dangers of Using in Clubs

Almost 60 percent of people who use MDMA report withdrawal symptoms, including fatigue, loss of appetite, depressed feelings, and trouble concentrating. Addictive

Social Media

Social Media http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=YL6CVwGTyVs Man On Ecstasy at Concert Popped A Molly I'm Sweating http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=YL6CVwGTyVs http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=OJwaj7dPMMY Social Media

Volkow, Nora. "Research Report Series: MDMA (Ecstasy) Abuse Volkow, Nora. "Research Report Series: MDMA (Ecstasy) Abuse." THE ENDOWMENT FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://www.ehd.org/health_ecstasy_7.php "Ecstasy." DRUGFREE.ORG. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://www.drugfree.org/drug-guide/ecstasy>. "Federal Drug Classification Schedules." National Substance Abuse Index. N.p.. Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://nationalsubstanceabuseindex.org/drugclass.htm>. "DrugFacts: MDMA (Ecstasy)." National Institute on Drug Abuse. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/mdma-ecstasy>. Erowid, . "Ecstasy Safety Survey Results The Myth that Ecstasy Users Think Ecstasy Is 'Safe'." The Vaults of Erowid. N.p., 19 Jul 2007. Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://www.erowid.org/general/survey/survey_ecstasy_article1.shtml>. Nichols, Dave. "Can MDMA be injected?." . N.p.. Web. 11 Mar 2013. <http://ecstasy.org/qanda/q71.html>. Resources