Federal Aviation Administration Required Communication Performance (RCP) Date:26-30 March 2007 Presented to:ICAO Worldwide Symposium on Performance of the Air Navigation System By:Tom Kraft, FAA, Aviation Safety Chief Scientific and Technical Advisor (CSTA) for Aeronautical Communications Mobile: Moving toward a performance- based air transportation system

RCP 2 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Overview Current situation A little about RCP Activities underway Outlook for implementation

RCP 3 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Introduction 1995 air traffic data link services Goals:Reduce separations Reroutes User preferred trajectories Expose data link Applications:CPDLC, ADS–C Technology:FANS 1/A Airframe:Boeing 744 Equipment:Honeywell Collins Thales ATM Comm Services:ARINC SITA INMARSAT U.S. New Zealand Fiji French Polynesia UAL ANZ QA Australia

RCP 4 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Introduction 2007 air traffic data link services Pacific Sub–Region benefits from data link Reduced separations to 50/50 NM and 30/30 NM (trials) User preferred routes and reroute (trials) for all city pairs in South Pacific Weather deviations Automatic position reporting 80% of the fleet in South Pacific use CPDLC and ADS–C, based on FANS 1/A, 60% in the Central Pacific, and 30% on average in the entire Pacific North Atlantic Region benefits from data link In 2004, traffic levels exceeded pre–2001 levels NAV CANADA has reduced communication costs to users by 50% 55% of the fleet use either FMC WPR or FANS 1/A ADS–C for automatic position reporting U.S. oceanic airspace boundary PDC & D–ATIS via ACARS Europe plans mandate for continental data link services Partial CPDLC application ATN services and aircraft equipage compulsory Accommodation of FANS 1/A aircraft voluntary FANS 1/A aircraft exempt from ATN aircraft equipage

RCP 5 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 And then some What will we do with –HF voice –INMARSAT Aero Classic Satellite Service And what about –Voice communications, e.g., INMARSAT, Iridium –Data communications, e.g., HF Data Link, Iridium, Swift Broadband, Internet Protocol Suite (IPS)

RCP 6 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Operational Requirements Standards for ADS-C Harmonize data link services Planning & Implementation Regional Groups –North Atlantic Systems Planning Group –European Air Navigation Planning Group Harmonize data link services RCP is a key element to the convergence process RTCA/EUROCAE FANS 1/A - ATN Interoperability Standard Data Link Steering Group (DLSG) and ATN Accommodation Drafting Group (ADG)

RCP 7 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Continued operational safety FANS Implementation Group (FIG) Review operational data and advise based on results Data link VHF, Satellite, HF data link performance Satellite voice Security procedures Informal South Pacific Air Traffic Services Coordinating Group (ISPACG) FANS Interoperability Team (FIT) Informal Pacific Air Traffic Control (ATC) Coordinating Group (IPACG) FANS Interoperability Team (FIT) Asia-PacificNorth Atlantic Planning and Implementation Regional Groups (including subordinate groups) FAA - Oceanic Separations Reduction Working Group (OSRWG) Scrutiny Group

RCP 8 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Continued operational safety Fluctuations in performance levels for commercial satellite services –Backups and redundancy –Dissimilar technologies, e.g., Iridium, HF data link, INMARSAT, data/voice –What are the performance criteria, what needs to be monitored, and what is the decision process –What about predicted performance?

RCP 9 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Standards & guidance material ICAO completed standards and guidance material for RCP –Provisions for RCP in Annex 6 and Annex 11 –Manual on RCP ICAO Doc 9869 RTCA SC-189/EUROCAE WG-53 completed standards for data link services –Continental Safety and Performance Standard –Oceanic Safety and Performance Standard

RCP 10 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Performance-based operations Balances capability & performance of –Communications, e.g., DCPC –Navigation, e.g., RNAV/RNP –Surveillance, e.g., ADS-C –Air Traffic Management Builds on what we have to improve What is RNP [x] airspace? What is applying separation using ADS-C? C S N ATM RNPRCP RSP RTSP

RCP 11 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Performance-based communications RCP type specifies communication transaction time, continuity, availability, integrity Other operational factors may be relevant, for example –Messages or phraseology, transaction types, and intended use –Interactive capability of voice communication –Air–ground integration capability of data communication –Performance monitoring and alerting –Adapting the airspace to changes in performance level

RCP 12 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Objectives and benefits Promotes a competitive market for aeronautical communication services enabling cost–effective alternatives that meet business needs in a more timely manner Provides means to demonstrate communication performance using a variety of acceptable methods in lieu of time consuming data collection and empirical analyses Defines needed operations based on communication performance levels that are not yet obtainable with current technology Enables varying service levels in common airspace to a fleet of aircraft with varying communication capabilities and performances

RCP 13 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Applicability When a change is implemented in air traffic management (ATM) and/or flight operations And the change is predicated on communication performance Safety management and monitoring

RCP 14 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 What it does Establishes operational criteria –Determines capability and performance criteria based on intended operations in oceanic, en route, terminal, and airport domains –Considers voice and data communications –Considers global seamless operations –Specifies RCP type and other relevant operational factors –Not based on any particular technology

RCP 15 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 How it is used Performance-based criteria is used to –Determine viability of a particular technology –Qualify, certify, and approve various parts of an implementation –Manage performance levels needed to provide a basic level of service and, for eligible operators, higher levels of service Real time monitoring and alerting (air and ground) Historical monitoring and evaluation Adapting the airspace based on the results of monitoring

RCP 16 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Candidates for implementation Reduced separation minima, new procedures, or increasing airspace capacity that requires a communication capability and performance Operating in airspace with a basic level of service and, for eligible operators, with higher levels of service Provision and use of air traffic service using non-traditional technology or mixed technologies Communication capability installed on aircraft whose performance is suitable for use in some airspace, but not in others

RCP 17 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 PARC (Who - What) Performance-Based Operations Aviation Rulemaking Committee (PARC) –Operates under the FAA Administrators legal authority in accordance with 49 USC 106(p)(5) –Comprises members from the aviation community at large and FAA –Provides recommendations to FAAs Senior Management for action & implementation –Effective in implementing RNAV/RNP

RCP 18 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 PARC Communications Working Group Roadmaps, etc. –Build consensus among aviation stakeholders –Communicate fundamental capabilities –Assess benefit and investment –Set metrics to measure success of FAA implementation programs Roadmap for Performance-Based Communications Industry Coordination Draft Roadmap for Data Link present 2025 Final Draft, 25-Jul-06 Industry Coordination Draft Roadmap for Data Link present 2025 Final Draft, 25-Jul-06 Federal Aviation Administration

RCP 19 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Outlook Complete industry-coordinated Roadmap for Performance-Based Communications by September 2007 –What are the applications for performance-based communications –What standards are needed and schedule –What is the strategy for aircraft type certification, operational approval, and implementation

RCP 20 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 Outlook Develop scenario outlines for implementation of RCP type, considering –Voice and Data communications to increase capacity –Oceanic and domestic (en route, terminal area, airport) –Operating in airspace with a basic level of service and, for eligible operators, with higher levels of service –Some existing communication capabilities and performance that are suitable only for basic level of service –Performance monitoring, alerting, based on RCP type, and adaptation

RCP 21 Federal Aviation Administration March 2007 And here we conduct our flight En RouteOceanic Terminal En RouteTerminal TOD RCP 10/V - Basic RCP 60/D - IC RCP 400/V - Basic RCP 240/D - RHSM RCP 10/V - Basic RCP 400/D – IC RCP 60/D - TAP SATCOM radio fails 5.Pilot/controller know RCP type, just as they know RNAV/RNP type 6.Pilot/controller operates according to RCP type 7.Pilot/controller receives alerts for communication failures 2.Ground side monitors communication service 3.Eligible Operators file for service level(s) 1.RCP types for service level(s) published in AIPs and charts 4.Air side monitors aircraft system GES Outage /D - Data /V - Voice IC – Increased capacity RHSM – Reduced horizontal separation minima TAP – Tailored Arrival Procedure

Federal Aviation Administration Thank you