1 Why Study Microbiology? Ubiquity –Roles in disease –Presence everywhere Biological roles –Food chain –Environmental element recycling Animal digestion –Cellulase Food Microbiology –Fermented foods

2 Why Study Microbiology? Pharmaceuticals –Vaccines/Antibiotics –Biotechnology Bioremediation Pathogenicity Fundamental Biology

3 Microbes in Research Simple structure Large populations Rapid growth rates

4 Microbe Types Bacteria –Cell arrangements –Cell shapes –Prokaryotes Algae –Eukaryotes –Metabolic grouping Fungi –Eukaryotes –Cell numbers –Metabolism –Cell wall:

5 Microbe Types Viruses –Acellular –Obligate intracellular –2 components Protozoa –Eukaryotes –Cell numbers –Metabolism

6 Microbe Types Animals Eukaryotic –Helminths Eggs –Arthropods Vectors

7 Roles of Microbiologists Biological Research Pharmaceutical/Vaccines Agricultural

8 Microbiology Settings Universities Commercial labs –Med/Veterinary –Environmental –Food

9 Microbiology Settings Legal –Food safety –Water testing Clinical Public Health

10 Microbiology History Plagues in History –Bubonic –Leprosy –“Great pox”

11 Microbiology History Early Studies –Hooke –Van Leeuwenhoek –Linnaeus

12 Germ Theory vs. Spontaneous Generation Redi Spallanzani Pasteur –Swan-necked flask

13 Understanding Disease Koch –Anthrax (postulates) –Culture techniques Lister/Semmelweiss

14 Special Fields of Study Immunology Virology Chemotherapy –Antibiotics –Synthetics

15 Special fields of Study Genetics/Molecular Biology Recombinant DNA technology –Genomics –Proteomics