What is the Best Indicator of Work Performed in Agriculture? IACS-4 Beijing October 2007 Pál Bóday - Éva Laczka

Outline World’s agriculture Hungarian agriculture Needs for labour statistics Differences in methodologies A few data Conclusions

Agriculture Producer of food, provider of employment, source of foreign trade… percent in total value added 2 percent increase annually –in some region prime engine of growth Agricultural population –40 percent of total population Economically active agricultural population –21 percent of total population

A few data on the Hungarian Agriculture 3-4 percent in the GDP 2-3 percent in export 1-2 percent in import 2-3 percent in investments

Types of holdings Number of agricultural enterprisesNumber of private holdings Crop farming Livestock farming Mixed (thousands)(number)

Main characteristics of private holdings

Why do we need information on agricultural work? Basis of the measurement of structural and employment effects of the CAP Employment is important component of development in rural areas Useful tool for policy makers, researchers, holders, for national and international comparisons

Differences in methodologies Definition of agricultural activities Agricultural population Farm concept Item coverage Survey coverage

Agricultural labour force FAO: all persons economically active in agriculture Population census / LFS : all household member who’s main occupation is agriculture Farm Structure Survey: all persons having reached school leaving age and carried out work on the holding

Farm Concept FAO: setting the threshold to the lowest possible level is suggested EU FSS: Member States must fix the threshold at the level excluding only the smallest units which together contribute 1 percent or less to the total SGM

Thresholds in Hungary Denomination year of the census Total productive land area, hectare 0.15 Orchard, vineyard, garden, hectare 0.08 Cattle, heads11111 Pigs, heads11111 Horses, heads11111 Sheep, heads11111 Poultry, heads50 Bee hives, pcs Rabbit, heads20 25 Other small animals, heads––25

Annual Working Unit Equivalent to full time employment Agricultural labour statistics: 1 AWU=1 800 hours Labour Force Statistics: 1 AWU=1 900 hours FADN: 1 AWU=2200 hours

Item coverage Population census: number of person and days worked in agriculture by age and sex LFS: employed in agriculture defined by the main activity of the employer; individual businesses or private farms; hours worked during reference week; full-time, part-time work; other gainful activity Institutional labour Statistics: number of full-time, part-time and other employees; average gross / net earnings FSS: status of the household members (holder, spouse, other member); sex; age; days worked; economic activity; training and other gainful activity. For employees in full- time/part-time breakdown; sex and days worked

Coverage of different data collections EnterprisesPrivate holdings Employees (other than agricultural) of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 under 5 employees Agricultural employees of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 under 5 employees Full-time, part-time employees (as main occupation) of private holdings Farm-members producing for marketing Employees (other than agricultural) of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 over 4 employees Agricultural employees of enterprises in ISIC/NACE 01 over 4 employees Employees of enterprises other than ISIC/NACE 01 having agricultural activity Part-time employees (non main occupation) of the private holding Farm-members producing only for own consumption Institutional labour statistics Labour Force Survey Farm Structure Survey

A few data

Conclusions different needs require different approaches objective of survey determine use of data FSS covers all of agricultural labour

Thank you very much for your attention!