Pigs in the World

Pig Population No. pigs

Pig Population

(%) Change in pig no.(’95-’05)

Pork Pord. by country Pork prod.

Pork Pord. by country

(%) % change in pork prod.

Porkimport

Pork export

Pork per capita/yr, kg Pork consumption by income 자료 : whole pig, 1999

pence Production Cost 1,850won 2,621won 2,430won

Sung H Kim and Hak Kyo Lee Gyongi Regional Research Center, Hankyong National University, Korea Korea Breeding Pig Industry – Now and Future

Past Raising Pigs Customer: Packer Target : Productivity Dressing % Now Producing Pork Customer: Consumer Target: High quality and Safe Pork Introduction: Pork Producer Pig Farmers Pork Producers

Introduction: Pork Producer Pork Producers produce Higher Quality Pork With Lower Production Cost For consumers To make Maximum Profit.

Introduction: Pork Producer Pork Producers produce High Quality Pork With Lower Production Cost To consumers For Maximize Sustainable Profit. Sows Boars Breeding Pig

Korea Pig Industry No. pigs and producers

Korea Pig Industry No. pigs per producers

Pig Population Slaughter Pigs Korea Pig Industry No. pigs and slaughters

Korea Pig Industry Sow to Boar ratio by year 14:1 44:1 unit: thousand

Pork Production System Berkshire Native Br.

Breeding Pig Industry Function No. Farms No. sows Dam lineSire lineEtc. GGP GGP+GP GP GGP+GP+C H GP+CH Total ,902 20,247 19,239 11,522 1,315 56, , ,533 1, , ,628 Table 2. Number of breeding pig farms by their function.

Breeding Pig Industry Breed Land- race Large White Duroc Berkshir e etc.total Sows Boars Total 14, ,518 41, ,124 2, ,650 2, ,180 5, ,910 66,242 2,140 68,382 Table 3. Number of breeding pigs by breed in registered breeding pig producers.

Breeding Pig Industry

AI studs Boars Semen sold (thousand) na ,290 na ,682 3, ,293 3,583 Table 4 Number of AI studs and semen sold by year. 1: na: not available

Breeding Pig Industry Days to 90kg or ADG 1 Backfat Thickness FCR 1 Performance Requirements 135days or 1,000g 15mm2.2 Table 5. The minimum performance requirements for AI boars. 1: Average daily gain and Feed conversion rate during 30-90kg body weight,

Breeding Pig Industry Breed USA Canada EU etc. Total a b Table 6. Number of breeding pigs imported by country and year. a: reduced for swine fever, b: reduced due to Avian Flu.

Breeding Pig Industry Breed Philippines Malaysia Vietnam Cambodia etc. Total Table 7. Number of breeding pigs exported by country and year.

Breeding Pig Industry SexNo. Days to 90kg BFLEA 1 Meat% Female Male 34,406 9, Table 8. The results of farm test of the purebred from GGP in : Loin Eye Area

Breeding Pig Industry A1A1 B1B1 C1C1 Korea average 3 TB 2 NBA 2 Litters/y/s NW Table 9. Reproduction performance of some GGP in : three farms from major breeding pig producers in GGP level. 2: total born(TB), number born alive(NBA) and number weaned(NW), respectively. 3: average from 16,808 purebred LW and L sows litters in 2008, data from KAIA

Now and Future Policies for Breeding pig Industry Financial supports for renovating GGP farms Core AI studs for sharing superior boars between breeding pig producers Developing software for genetic estimation through BLUP and Animal Mode

Now and Future Pig Breeding Improving the Performance + Maintaining the improved performance Selection Breeding Strategy Genetic Network Mating System

Now and Future Core AI Stud Building genetic relationships between GGP farms Build the networking system Connected genetically Bigger genetic population Rapid genetic progress

Acknowledgement Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries ( Korean statistical information service ( Korea Animal Improvement Association ( This work was supported by the GRRC program of Gyeonggi province.( GRRC2010-B03)

Korea Breeding Pig Industry – Now and Future Thank you

Pig Industry II Hankyung Univ. Sung Hoon Kim

Breeding Pig Industry

note No. of Sows900,000 Replacement rate35%40%/yr Culling rate10%15% Potential demand350,000 Replacement Gilts 900,000 x 35% ÷ 90% x 70% Actual demand245,00070%

No. sold per company in 2008 Over 20,000/yr : Kaya, Darby, Sunjin, NH Over 5,000/yr : Gusi, Kumbo, Farmsco Etc. : PIC, EZbio… Breeding pig supplier

Note No. of sows900,000 Litter/sow/yr2.4 Amples/mating2.3 Farrowing rate85% Potential demand 5,845,000 Semen Optimum boar no. of AI studs in Korea 4,091,000 ÷ 1200(100ample/mon/boar) = 3,400 Actual demand4,091,000 AI Stud 70%

3,300 boars in 49 Studs Over 20,000/month : Darby, Sunjin, Semen Bank, North, West Over 10,000/mon : Farms world, Dodram, Gimje… Semen from AI Stud

Integration

Leadership Packer ▷ Needs from Packer ▷ Breeder, Farms, Feed Cooperatives ▷ Group Purchase, Group Marketing ▷ Breeder, Feed, Packer Feed Mill ▷ Needs from Feed mill ▷ Breeder, Farm, Packer Ownership Maximize (vertical) ▷ Own all value chain ▷ Stable Integration Minimize (horizontal) ▷ Contracts ▷ Fortify control power Intermediate ▷ Own, Contracts Example USA (Smithfield) ▷ 27 mil/yr (’06,12%) ▷ Packer, Max Denmark (DC/DMA) ▷ 21 mil./yr (’06,96%) ▷ Coop., Min Korea ▷ 2.5 mil/yr (20%) ▷ Feed Mill, Mid. Pig Integration

Breeder Feed mill Farm Mgmt Pork Value Chain

Production Where the needs meet between production and marketing. stable market place - marketing channel Higher price Distribution stable source - same amount all year round uniform and excellent pork Pig Integration in Korea Using same Breeding Pig, Feed, Management Weak leadership under low binding contracts. Key Success Factor : Low Production Cost and High Quality Pork Concept of Pig Integration

Good for consumer. Always same quality as expected. Uniformity!!! Most influencing factor on pork quality is Cooking !!! Pork Quality Breeding Pig

Performance ▷ Healthe Status ▷ Sire : Pork Quality ▷ Dam :Reproductivity Sales Power ▷ Timing and amount ▷ F1 gilts and semen Farm, Feed Mill Productivity ▷ Low Production Cost ▷ Specialization Total Service ▷ Vet, Management, Facility, Waste tmt ▷ F1 gilts and semen Slaughter, Marketing Pork Quality ▷ Grade A, B, 1+ ▷ Uniformity ▷ PSE (pH), Drip Loss Differentiation ▷ Functional Products ▷ Breed, KSF for Pig Integration

Specialization

GGP (Great Grand Parent) CH (Commercial Herd) Roll : Genetic improvement Replacement itself : 3,000 Roll : slaughter pig(17 mil.) Demand of F1 gilts : 262,500 Sow 900,000 GP (Grand Parent) Roll : producing F1 gilts Replacement purebreed gilt : 21,000 두 52,500 6,000 Production Pyramid

6,000 52, ,000 AI stud 3,400 GGPGPCH

Breeder(AI Stud) Pork Producer ExpensiveGeneticImprovement Profitability Farm Magmt Heterosis Specialization = Roll sharing

Excellent Performance. (Systematic Breeding Scheme.) High Health Status. Can Produce Uniform Quality Pork Condition of Gilts and Semen

Breeding = Improvement + Maintenance Basic : Genetic Potential Improvement : Test, Evaluation, Selection Maintenance : Systematic Mating GGP : Breeding

Systematic Mating A D CBE ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ AB DE CDBCEA ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ABCDDEABCDEABCDEEABC ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ A(BCD)E D(EAB)C C(DEA)BB(CDE)AE(ABC)D Inbreeding coeff.=0.0 after 7 geneation with 60 sows

Breeding = Selection + Mating Selection : improve as customers want Mating : Develop Korean Pig, Producing uniform pork Pig Breeding

GP and AI Stud AI Stud GGP Pork Producers GP

GP and AI Stud GP Excellent Gilts High health F1 Disease Monitoring System AI Stud Excellent Boar High health F1 Disease Monitoring System Supply high health gilts and semen

Pig Improvement Individual GGP : Impossible Effective Improvement : Size Network for GGP should be compulsory Pig Improvement Network

Should have experience Compulsory(?) Understandings for target country Export

Farmer owns Management Contracts Pipestone System

Thank You

Discussion