Types of Work Chemical works: building of cellular components, secretions, etc. Mechanical works: muscle contractions, heart pumping, etc. Electrical.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Advertisements

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, KEY POSITION OF HYPOTHALAMUS Olga Vajnerová, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, 2011.

Energy Balance Prof. K. Sivapalan Energy balance2 Energy Exchange Forms of Energy: electric, heat, light, sound, mechanical, atomic and chemical.

Regulation of food intake. Food intake Regulation –Endocrine Adipose tissue Pancreas Liver Muscle –CNS.

Metabolism. Feasting Feasting adds to body stores of carbohydrate and fat Excess carbohydrate  used to fill glycogen stores  excess glucose stored as.

Chapter 22 Energy balance Metabolism Homeostatic control of metabolism

Energy Balance & Metabolism

Endocrine System Review

BIO 132 Neurophysiology Lecture 35 Motivation. Lecture Goals: Understanding the underlying mechanisms affecting rudimentary motivations (hunger, thirst,

1 Chapter 9 Motivation: Hunger. 2 Internal Regulatory Systems Usually Work, But… The percentage of obese Americans jumped from 12% in 1991 to 21% in 2001.

Myers’ EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Ed)

Eating Behaviour Unit PSYA3 Miss Bird. What will we cover in this topic? Eating behaviour Factors influencing attitudes to food and eating behaviour.

Chapter 12 Ingestive Behavior. Drinking a. fluid compartments b. osmometric thirst c. volumetric thirst Eating a. energy sources b. starting a meal c.

Chapter 16 Motivation. Introduction Types of behavior –Unconscious reflexes and Voluntary Movements –Motivation Driving force on behavior –Analogy– ionic.

Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 1 Chapter 6 Energy Balance.

Energy Balance & Body Composition Nutrition, Weight, and Health.

Mind, Brain & Behavior Friday March 7, Diffuse Enteric System  A third major division of the autonomic nervous system.  Neural control unit between.

Chapter 8 Energy Balance and Body Composition. Bomb Calorimeter How Do We Know How Much Energy Comes From A Food? Calorimetric Values versus Physiological.

Energy metabolism and body temperature. Outline of the lecture Section 1 Energy Metabolism 1. Energy storage, liberation, transfer and utilization 2.

Energy Metabolism and BMR. Energy: Metabolism ‘Metabolism refers to chemical process that occur in the body that are necessary to maintain life.’ (Magee.

The Endocrine System Are your hormones runnin’ wild?

BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR) Definition The amount of energy expended daily by humans at rest. METABOLISM – the rate at which the body consumes calories.

Basal Metabolic Rate Human Biology 11. What Is Your BMR? Your BMR measures the minimum calorie requirement your body needs to stay alive in a resting.

Endocrine Block | 1 Lecture | Dr. Usman Ghani

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

ENERGY METABOLISM & BODY TEMPERATURE

Energy Balance. Energy Expenditure Energy expenditure refers to the amount of energy (calories), that a person uses to breathe, circulate blood, digest.

ENERGY METABOLISM.

Proteins Sources of proteins –Proteins are assembled from a pool of 20 different amino acids –The body synthesizes amino acids from other compounds in.

1 Eric P. Widmaier Boston University Hershel Raff Medical College of Wisconsin Kevin T. Strang University of Wisconsin - Madison *See PowerPoint Image.

Energy Balance Susan Algert Indirect calorimetry Measuring energy use without measuring heat production O2 uptake and CO2 output Doubly labeled water.

Obesity Dr. Sumbul Fatma. Obesity A disorder of body weight regulatory systems Causes accumulation of excess body fat >20% of normal body weight Obesity.

1 Mechanisms of Motivation. 2 Motivation and Incentives Motivation - factors within and outside an organism that cause it to behave a certain way at a.

Energy Balance and Weight Management. Energy Intake Energy Output Energy Equilibrium Positive Energy Balance Negative Energy Balance.

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 The Human Body: An Orientation.

Presentation by: Dr. M. Ekramzadeh PhD in Nutrition Science Department of Nutrition Shiraz University of Medical Sciences ENERGY KRAUSE'S FOOD & THE NUTRITION.

College Board - “Acorn Book” Course Description 7-9% Unit VIII. Motivation and Emotion1.

The ratio of fat to lean body tissue. Body Composition.

The Endocrine System. functions Controls body functions and helps maintain homeostasis by using hormones. hormone – chemical messenger made in one cell.

Copyright © 2009, by Mosby, Inc. an affiliate of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.1 Chapter 6 Energy Balance.

ENERGY Ch.12. WHAT IS ENERGY Ability to do work. Types of energy: Chemical Mechanical Heat Cannot create or destroy it; can only change form

Healthy Weight Management. Weight Management Requires a healthy balance…

Obesity Dr. Sumbul Fatma. Obesity A disorder of body weight regulatory systems Causes accumulation of excess body fat >20% of normal body weight Obesity.

Chapter 6: Energy 1. Energy Balance - Introduction 2 Energy metabolism deals with change and balance. Our bodies constantly convert fuel energy from food.

+ The Endocrine System. + Functions To control many of the body’s daily activities Controls the body’s long term changes such as development.

Nervous System controls the Endocrine System The endocrine system, along with the nervous system, functions in the regulation of body activities. (Maintaining.

Phase 1A Rajpinder Singh Seehra The Peer Teaching Society is not liable for false or misleading information… IMMS 2- Metabolism.

CH. 17 Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation.

DO NOW: HOW DO YOU KNOW WHEN YOU ARE HUNGRY? Unit 7: Lesson 2 Hunger 1.

The Power of Energy Balance

Judith E. Brown Prof. Albia Dugger Miami-Dade College Calories! Food, Energy, and Energy Balance Unit 8.

8 Lesson 8.1: Functions and Control of the Endocrine System Lesson 8.2: Major Endocrine Organs Lesson 8.3: Endocrine Disorders and Diseases The Endocrine.

Neuroendocrine Regulation of Energy Storage & Utilization Neuroendocrine Regulation of Energy Storage & Utilization By Dr. Khaled Ibrahim By.

Physiology of Hunger Glucose= blood sugar Glucose= blood sugar Pancreas produces insulin / breaks down glucose (converts some to stored fat) Pancreas produces.

Regulation of food intake and energy storage

Body energy, Metabolic Rate, and Regulation of Food Intake

Metabolism Lab In today’s lab, you will:

Obesity Dr. Sumbul Fatma.

Weight Management Chapter 14.

HORMONES Chemical messengers © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS.

Nikki Delgado and Joy Hochstetler

By Jennifer Turley and Joan Thompson

Endocrine System Review

Energy Expenditure Themes

Basal Metabolic Rate.

38.1 – Describe the physiological factors that produce hunger.

Importance of the Endocrine System

Presentation transcript:

Types of Work Chemical works: building of cellular components, secretions, etc. Mechanical works: muscle contractions, heart pumping, etc. Electrical works: nerve conduction, resting potential (by maintaining the activity of Na+/K+ pumps and other pumps).

Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

Metabolic Rate Measurements: - Direct Calorimetry - Indirect Calorimetry (O2 consumption) - Closed method - Opened method

Spirometer (measurement of O2 consumption)

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measurement under basal conditions

Basal Conditions - No eaten food for at least 12 hours. - Measurement after a night of restful sleep. - No exercise in the hour prior to the test. - Elimination of all factors that may cause excitement. - Comfortable temperature during measurement.

Factors affecting metabolic rate - Exercise: increases - Daily activities - Age: - Sleep: - Climate: - Fever: - Malnutrition; - Specific dynamic action: - Effect of hormones: Thyroid hormones: Male sex hormones increase 10-15%. Growth hormones: Increase 15-20% - Effect of sympathetic stimulation: increases metabolic rate.

Regulation of food intake

Neutral Balance Food intake = Energy expenditure

Positive balance Negative balance

Neutral Balance Food intake = Energy expenditure

Hypothalamic control of food intake Feeding center: lateral nuclei.. Satiety center: ventromedial nuclei Amygdala (destruction  psychic blindness. prefrontal cortex :

Regulation of food intake Long term regulations Glucostatic theory of hunger and feeding regulation: Lipostatic theory: Leptin Aminostatic theory: Body temperature and its relation to food intake: thermoregulatory and feeding centers Psychosocial factors:

Regulation of food intake Long term regulations Glucostatic theory of hunger and feeding regulation: Lipostatic theory: Leptin Aminostatic theory: Body temperature and its relation to food intake: thermoregulatory and feeding centers Psychosocial factors:

Short term regulation of food intake These are rapid signals that affect feeding. Gastrointestinal filling: Hormonal factors: Suppression by oral receptors:

Obesity Positive balance

OBESITY Causes of obesity Neurogenic abnormalities: Genetic factors: Psychosocial factor: Childhood overnutrition: Other causes of obesity: Disorders of the endocrine system (hypothyroidism) and lack of physical exercise.

Inanition Negative balance Causes: psychogenic (anorexia nervosa) or hypothalamic abnormalities

Depletion of body stores in starvation

GOOD LUCK