Classification

Classification Scheme

How many kingdoms? Lumpers v. Splitters Lumpers v. Splitters 5 Kingdoms: Monera (now archaebacteria & eubacteria), Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia 5 Kingdoms: Monera (now archaebacteria & eubacteria), Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia 6 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia 6 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia 8 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Archenzoa, Chromista, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia 8 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Archenzoa, Chromista, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

Virus? Where does it fit in? A Virus treads the fine line that separates living and nonliving things A Virus treads the fine line that separates living and nonliving things Viruses need a host cell (bacteria, plant or animal) to live in and reproduce Viruses need a host cell (bacteria, plant or animal) to live in and reproduce Ex: AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis C, Smallpox, West Nile Virus, Ebola. SARS, Flu, Foot & Mouth Disease Ex: AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis C, Smallpox, West Nile Virus, Ebola. SARS, Flu, Foot & Mouth Disease

Archaebacteria Domain: Archaea Prokaryotes Unicellular Have Cell Walls Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Anaerobic (does not require oxygen) EX: Halophiles/ Thermophiles/ Methanogens

Eubacteria Domain: Bacteria Domain: Bacteria Prokaryote Prokaryote Unicellular Unicellular Has Cell Walls Has Cell Walls Autotroph or Heterotroph Autotroph or Heterotroph Aerobic or anaerobic Aerobic or anaerobic Examples: e coli, strep, cyanobacteria, Examples: e coli, strep, cyanobacteria, Treated with antibiotics Treated with antibiotics

Protists  Domain: Eukarya  Eukaryotic  Both Unicellular and Multicellular  Some have cell walls  Both Heterotrophic and Autotrophic  Aerobic  Examples: Amoeba, Euglena, Volvox, Algae

FUNGUS Decomposers Domain: Eukarya Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Both Unicellular and Multicellular Both Unicellular and Multicellular Cell walls made of chitin Cell walls made of chitin Heterotrophic Heterotrophic Aerobic Aerobic Examples: Examples: Next page Next page

FUNGUS Decomposers Common Molds: Mildew, Bread mold Common Molds: Mildew, Bread mold Sac Fungi: Yeast, Powdery Mildew Sac Fungi: Yeast, Powdery Mildew Club Fungi: Mushrooms Club Fungi: Mushrooms Imperfect Fungi: Athletes Foot, Ringworm Imperfect Fungi: Athletes Foot, Ringworm

Plant Kingdom general characteristics Domain: Eukarya Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Mutlicellular Mutlicellular Cell walls made of cellulose Cell walls made of cellulose Autotrophic Autotrophic Aerobic Aerobic

Plant Kingdom general characteristics Has 12 major DIVISIONS Has 12 major DIVISIONS The plant kingdom uses divisions rather than phyla The plant kingdom uses divisions rather than phyla Plants have three main parts Plants have three main parts Roots: anchor plant Roots: anchor plant Stems: transport materials Stems: transport materials Leaves: site of photosynthesis (in chloroplasts) MAKES THE FOOD!! Leaves: site of photosynthesis (in chloroplasts) MAKES THE FOOD!! Examples: next page Examples: next page

Non-vascular Divisions Liverwarts Liverwarts Hornwarts Hornwarts Mosses Mosses Small, low to the ground Small, low to the ground MUST have moisture to reproduce MUST have moisture to reproduce Decomposer Decomposer

Vascular W/O seeds Whisk Ferns Whisk Ferns Club Mosses Club Mosses Horse Tails Horse Tails Ferns Ferns Largest group of vascular plants Largest group of vascular plants Alternation of generations Alternation of generations

Vascular With Seeds Gnetae Gnetae Cycads Cycads Ginkgoes Ginkgoes Have male and female trees Have male and female trees Conifers (gymnosperms) Conifers (gymnosperms) Grow very large & old Grow very large & old Have needles and cones Have needles and cones

flowering plants Have flowers Have flowers Produce Fruit Produce Fruit Large variety Large variety

The Animal Kingdom Domain: Eukarya Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Multicellular Multicellular NO cell walls NO cell walls Heterotrophic Heterotrophic Aerobic Aerobic Examples: Examples: Next pages Next pages

Porifera/Sponges

Sponges Lack Specialized Tissues Lack Specialized Tissues Filter Feeders Filter Feeders Sessile (cannot move) Sessile (cannot move) Asymmetry Asymmetry Environmental Indicators Environmental Indicators

Cnidarians Stinging Cells Stinging Cells Radial Symmetry Radial Symmetry Examples: Coral, hydra, sea anemone, jelly fish Examples: Coral, hydra, sea anemone, jelly fish

Platyhelminthes-Flatworms Bilateral Symmetry Bilateral Symmetry Unsegmented/Flat Unsegmented/Flat EX: Planarians, Tapeworms & Flukes EX: Planarians, Tapeworms & Flukes

Nematoda-Roundworms Round, Unsegmented bodies Round, Unsegmented bodies Ex: ascaris(hookworms & pinworms), wuchereria bancrofti Ex: ascaris(hookworms & pinworms), wuchereria bancrofti

Mollusks EX: Snails, slugs, Scallops & Squids EX: Snails, slugs, Scallops & Squids Soft body protected by a hard shell Soft body protected by a hard shell Mantle, Foot & Visceral Mass Mantle, Foot & Visceral Mass

Annelids-Segmented Worms EX; Earthworms, leeches & polychaetes EX; Earthworms, leeches & polychaetes Segments, true coelomates Segments, true coelomates Most are hermaphroditic Most are hermaphroditic

Arthropods--- So many!!!!!! MOST DIVERSE ANIMAL PHYLUM MOST DIVERSE ANIMAL PHYLUM Segmented bodies Segmented bodies Jointed Appendages Jointed Appendages Exoskeleton made of Chiton Exoskeleton made of Chiton

Crustaceans 2 body parts 2 body parts EX: Crayfish, Crabs, Lobsters, Pillbugs & Shrimp EX: Crayfish, Crabs, Lobsters, Pillbugs & Shrimp

Arachnids 8 legs & pedipalps 8 legs & pedipalps No antennae No antennae Compound eyes Compound eyes Spiders & Scorpions Spiders & Scorpions

-Insects----- Antennae 6 legs Diverse

Echinoderms Spiny Skin Spiny Skin Water Vascular System Water Vascular System Radial Symmetry Radial Symmetry EX: Seastars, Sea Cucumbers, Brittle Stars, Sand Dollars EX: Seastars, Sea Cucumbers, Brittle Stars, Sand Dollars

Chondrichthes Cartilage Fish Cartilage Fish Sharks & Rays Sharks & Rays

Osteichthyes Bony Fish Bony Fish Puffer fish, carp, salmon Puffer fish, carp, salmon

Amphibians Lives on water & Land 3 Chamber heart Eggs must stay damp

Reptiles Rough Skin Rough Skin Amniotic Egg Amniotic Egg Ex: Snakes, Lizards & Crocodiles Ex: Snakes, Lizards & Crocodiles

Birds Warm Blooded Warm Blooded Flight Flight Feathers? Feathers?

Marsupials Pouches

Monotremes Duck-Billed Platypus & Spiny Ant Eater Egg-Laying Mammals Egg-Laying Mammals

Placental Mammals Carry young in uteroCarry young in utero

TaDa The End The End