Connecting Workforce Development, Education and Economic Development Through Cluster- Based and Career Mapping Strategies The National Association of State Workforce Board Chairs August 25, 2003 New York City

Presentation Objectives Provide an Overview of Career Clusters. Provide an Overview of Career Clusters. Provide an Overview of Economic Clusters. Provide an Overview of Economic Clusters. Discuss how we can strengthen the connection between Career Clusters and Economic Clusters Discuss how we can strengthen the connection between Career Clusters and Economic Clusters

Overview: Career Clusters

Career Technical Education Connects to … Education Reform Education Reform Workforce Development Workforce Development Economic Development Economic Development

Career Clusters: Definition Career Clusters represent a grouping of occupations and broad industries based on commonalities. Career Clusters represent a grouping of occupations and broad industries based on commonalities.

Career Clusters: Titles Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources Architecture & Construction Architecture & Construction Arts, Audio/Video Technology & Communications Arts, Audio/Video Technology & Communications Business, Management & Administration Business, Management & Administration Education & Training Education & Training Finance Finance Government & Public Administration Government & Public Administration Health Science Health Science Hospitality & Tourism Human Services Information Technology Law, Public Safety & Security Manufacturing Marketing, Sales & Service Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics Transportation, Distribution & Logistics

Career Clusters: Model Organizes the occupations, within each cluster, into pathways that group the cluster occupations based on commonalities.

Career Clusters: Purposes The 16 Career Clusters are an organizing tool for schools to offer a broader, more durable preparation for the world of work. The 16 Career Clusters are an organizing tool for schools to offer a broader, more durable preparation for the world of work.

Career Clusters: Purposes Establishes a common language – a common framework for conversation between education, employers and government Establishes a common language – a common framework for conversation between education, employers and government Provides better information about careers for parents and students, thus better alignment between the jobs we have and the workers we have Provides better information about careers for parents and students, thus better alignment between the jobs we have and the workers we have

Career Clusters: Purposes Vehicle for improving CTE Vehicle for improving CTE  Alignment to the needs of the workforce  Improved and expanded program areas academic, technical & employability skills-prepared, qualified workforce for employers Identifies academic, technical & employability skills for a well-prepared, qualified workforce for employers  Cross-training, re-tooling and retraining the workforce  Preparation of the emerging workforce

Career Clusters: Advisory Committee Membership includes more than 300 members on the 11 advisory committees. Membership includes more than 300 members on the 11 advisory committees. Membership includes business and industry, associations, government agencies, labor and secondary and postsecondary educators. Membership includes business and industry, associations, government agencies, labor and secondary and postsecondary educators. Membership is broad-based in terms of geographic location. Membership is broad-based in terms of geographic location. Membership reflects occupations within each of the pathways. Membership reflects occupations within each of the pathways. Membership is responsible for material development. Membership is responsible for material development.

Status of Implementation Broad awareness Broad awareness Alignment of state clusters to 16 clusters Alignment of state clusters to 16 clusters Statewide implementation Statewide implementation Local implementation Local implementation Use in program approval Use in program approval Use in broader high school efforts Use in broader high school efforts

Overview: Economic Clusters

Defining Clusters Geographically bounded concentration of similar, related or complementary businesses, with active channels for business transactions, communications and dialogue Geographically bounded concentration of similar, related or complementary businesses, with active channels for business transactions, communications and dialogue Share specialized infrastructure, labor markets and services Share specialized infrastructure, labor markets and services Faced with common opportunities and threats Faced with common opportunities and threats Source: NGA: Governor’s Guide to Cluster-based Economic Source: NGA: Governor’s Guide to Cluster-based Economic Development Development

Why Economic Clusters? States should build sustainable competitive advantages for economic development. States should build sustainable competitive advantages for economic development. Concentration, or clustering, gives businesses an advantage over more isolated competitors: Concentration, or clustering, gives businesses an advantage over more isolated competitors:  Access to more suppliers and customized support services  Access to experienced and skilled labor pools  Access to innovation, knowledge and know-how know-how

Types of Economic Clusters Sector-Centered Sector-Centered  Healthcare  Information Technology  Advanced Manufacturing  Transportation, Distribution and Logistics Science/Technology-Centered Science/Technology-Centered  Biotechnology Product-Centered Product-Centered  Wine cluster  Furniture cluster

Career Clusters and Economic Clusters: Making the Connections

Why Make Connections? Economic cluster growth and development depends on a globally competitive, specialized, and highly agile labor force at all levels in 21 st century workplaces (See Figure 1): Economic cluster growth and development depends on a globally competitive, specialized, and highly agile labor force at all levels in 21 st century workplaces (See Figure 1):  Skill breadth and depth  Economic cluster “systems” knowledge to work effectively in extended enterprises and customer-supplier networks  Entrepreneurial and agile  Vertical and horizontal career mobility

Figure 1: Work and Careers in 21 st Century Workplaces From: To: Management Centralized Decentralized Functions Separated Shared Professional/Technical Centralized Decentralized Knowledge Specialized Integrated Some Workers All Workers Work Design Jobs Functional/ Cross-functional Teams Organizational Structure Vertical Customer-Supplier Hierarchies Networks Employee Job Task Work Unit Performance Responsibility Performance Business Process Management Career Progression Vertical Vertical and Horizontal Limited Range Full Range Source: Adapted from Schray and Sheets (2002)

Why Make Connections? (cont.) Provides a broader, more durable foundation for building public-private partnerships and engaging business and industry: Provides a broader, more durable foundation for building public-private partnerships and engaging business and industry:  Engage business and industry leadership  Manage curriculum integration and change Provides a better context for addressing: Provides a better context for addressing:  All aspects of industry  Career development  High-level academic integration  Secondary/postsecondary alignment  Coordination with workforce development (e.g., career advancement projects)

How Do We Make Connections? Coordinate Economic/Career Cluster Initiatives Coordinate Economic/Career Cluster Initiatives  Business and industry leadership  Interagency teams  Statewide and regional coordination Build career cluster curriculum frameworks to support economic clusters Build career cluster curriculum frameworks to support economic clusters  Foundation—“Systems” addresses all aspects  Pathways—Focus on managing critical business functions and end-to-end processes (Figures 2 and 3)  Specialties—Focus on occupations most critical to competitiveness of cluster

Figure 2: Level and Scope of Cluster Foundation and Pathway Curriculum Content Application Level Occupation Functional Cross- Functional Design Improve Trouble- shoot Operate/ Maintain Scope of Application

Figure 3: Addressing Complete Functions and End- to-End Processes (e.g., product realization, software development life cycle) Processes (Tasks and results) Occupational Cluster 1 Occupational Cluster 2 Occupational Cluster 3 Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Occupational Roles

Connections: Recommendations Address the missing link in states--Align economic and career clusters Address the missing link in states--Align economic and career clusters Coordinate cluster initiatives Coordinate cluster initiatives  Economic development  Workforce development  Career and technical education Build career cluster curriculum frameworks to support economic clusters and provide broad- based career opportunities Build career cluster curriculum frameworks to support economic clusters and provide broad- based career opportunities

Contact Information Career Clusters Career Clusters Kimberly Green Kimberly Green   Pam Stacey   Economic Clusters A Governor’s Guide to Cluster- Based Economic Development: ions/1,1188,C_ISSUE_BRIEF %5ED_4063,00.html ions/1,1188,C_ISSUE_BRIEF %5ED_4063,00.html Bob Sheets  ext.229 