Ch. 2 & Ch. 6

Quiz 1.What did the original Spanish missions look like? 2.What were early pilgrim homes like? 3.What does the term new urbanism mean? 4.What is Feng Shui? What cultures use it? 5.When were the first government housing requirements started? Why? 6.What are row houses? 7.What were 3 changes in housing that took place between the 1700s and 1800s? 8.By 1929 how much of the U.S population lived in cities? 9.What is a census? When was the first one? 10.What are tract houses?

Turn to page 71 and look at the ‘To Review’ questions. Turn to page 71 and look at the ‘To Review’ questions.

Traditional houses reflect the experiences and traditions of past eras Traditional houses reflect the experiences and traditions of past eras There are two categories of traditional style design. There are two categories of traditional style design. Folk- a style originating from the common experiences of a group of people Folk- a style originating from the common experiences of a group of people Classic- a style that represents the authentic repetition of architecture with enduring excellence Classic- a style that represents the authentic repetition of architecture with enduring excellence

The styles of traditional folk houses vary from region to region. The styles of traditional folk houses vary from region to region. Homes in the Midwest had to be suitable for winter and summer extremes. Homes in the Midwest had to be suitable for winter and summer extremes. Housing was also influenced by the ethnic experiences and lifestyle of the people living there. Housing was also influenced by the ethnic experiences and lifestyle of the people living there. Natural resources available also shape the structures that were built. Natural resources available also shape the structures that were built. This style include Native American, Spanish, Scandinavian, German, Early English, Dutch, and French style homes This style include Native American, Spanish, Scandinavian, German, Early English, Dutch, and French style homes

This style housing greatly influenced today’s housing! This style housing greatly influenced today’s housing! Early settlers copied Navajo mud and log hogans and Seminole wood frame structures. Early settlers copied Navajo mud and log hogans and Seminole wood frame structures. The Pueblos lived in apartment type housing. The Pueblos lived in apartment type housing. Many homes in the Southwest have similar structures to those of the Pueblo people. Many homes in the Southwest have similar structures to those of the Pueblo people.

The Spanish influence in the U.S. stemmed from Spanish control of Texas and Florida. The Spanish influence in the U.S. stemmed from Spanish control of Texas and Florida. Spanish style of housing developed in warm weather climates Spanish style of housing developed in warm weather climates Early Spanish style was 1 story structures with flat or low-pitch tile roof. Early Spanish style was 1 story structures with flat or low-pitch tile roof.

Homes were made of adobe or stone and covered in stucco. Homes were made of adobe or stone and covered in stucco. Stucco- a type of plaster applied to exterior walls Stucco- a type of plaster applied to exterior walls Spanish style homes are usually asymmetrical. Spanish style homes are usually asymmetrical. Asymmetrical- one side of the center point is not the same as the other Asymmetrical- one side of the center point is not the same as the other Features usually include courtyards, enclosed patios, wrought iron exterior décor, and arched windows and doors. Features usually include courtyards, enclosed patios, wrought iron exterior décor, and arched windows and doors.

Immigrants from Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark are Scandinavian Immigrants from Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark are Scandinavian They brought log cabins They brought log cabins Log cabins- one room home made from bulky unshaped lumber Log cabins- one room home made from bulky unshaped lumber Typical log cabins have: Typical log cabins have: Unfinished log exterior walls Unfinished log exterior walls One story and rectangular One story and rectangular Few windows Few windows Gable roofs- come to a high point at the center and slope on both sides Gable roofs- come to a high point at the center and slope on both sides

German Most German settlers arrived in the U.S. in the late seventeenth century Most German settlers arrived in the U.S. in the late seventeenth century They lived in Pennsylvania They lived in Pennsylvania Homes were built out of wood and Flagstone Homes were built out of wood and Flagstone Some had small ledges between the first and second floor called pent roofs. Some had small ledges between the first and second floor called pent roofs.

English settlers started building in the early 1600s English settlers started building in the early 1600s Several housing styles started from the Early English style Several housing styles started from the Early English style Tidewater South Tidewater South New England New England Cape Cod Cape Cod Garrison Garrison Saltbox Saltbox

Early homes were one room homes with a chimney at one end. Early homes were one room homes with a chimney at one end. Then as more room was needed they would slowly expand and add another room. Then as more room was needed they would slowly expand and add another room. Sometimes they would have a covered porch. Sometimes they would have a covered porch.

Small, symmetrical, one and a half story with a gable roof. Small, symmetrical, one and a half story with a gable roof. Home is symmetrical. Home is symmetrical. Identical objects are arranged around the center point Identical objects are arranged around the center point There is a central entrance and central chimney. There is a central entrance and central chimney. Windows have shutters Windows have shutters The eave of the roof is just above the first floor windows. The eave of the roof is just above the first floor windows. Dormers are usually cut into the roof. Dormers are usually cut into the roof.

A variation of the Cape Cod. It has a lean-to section on the back. A variation of the Cape Cod. It has a lean-to section on the back. Homes are 2 or 2 ½ stories high. Homes are 2 or 2 ½ stories high. They are constructed of wood. They are constructed of wood. Steep gable roof that extends down to 1 st floor rear. Steep gable roof that extends down to 1 st floor rear. Large central chimney. Large central chimney. Large windows with small panes of glass. Large windows with small panes of glass.

A later design by English settlers. A later design by English settlers. Have an overhanging second story. Overhang is always in the front of the house. Have an overhanging second story. Overhang is always in the front of the house. There are usually carved drops or pendants for decoration There are usually carved drops or pendants for decoration Symmetrical design, steep gable roof and windows with small panes of glass are all characteristics of this style Symmetrical design, steep gable roof and windows with small panes of glass are all characteristics of this style

The Dutch settled mostly in New York. The Dutch settled mostly in New York. Most homes were 1 story and made of stone or brick. Most homes were 1 story and made of stone or brick. One of the most important features was the door. It was divided in half horizontally and called a Dutch door. One of the most important features was the door. It was divided in half horizontally and called a Dutch door.

This is a later style of Dutch houses. This is a later style of Dutch houses. One big change is the gambrel roof One big change is the gambrel roof Sometimes the flared portion extends over an open porch. It is called a Dutch Kick. Sometimes the flared portion extends over an open porch. It is called a Dutch Kick. This style also has dormers, a central entrance, off-center chimney, and windows with small panes. This style also has dormers, a central entrance, off-center chimney, and windows with small panes.

Early French homes. Early French homes. This style was brought over by the Huguenots This style was brought over by the Huguenots 1 story structures with many narrow door and window openings. 1 story structures with many narrow door and window openings. Steep pitched roofs with hipped or side- gabled. Steep pitched roofs with hipped or side- gabled. The walls were covered with stucco. The walls were covered with stucco.

Later French style of home. Later French style of home. Symmetrical home with wings on both sides. Symmetrical home with wings on both sides. Main part Main part

This style was introduced to New Orleans and then spread across the country. This style was introduced to New Orleans and then spread across the country. It is more delicate and dignified. Homes are usually symmetrical. It is more delicate and dignified. Homes are usually symmetrical. The windows are the dominant part of this design. The windows are the dominant part of this design. The tops of the windows break into the eave line. The tops of the windows break into the eave line. These homes can be as tall as 2 ½ stories These homes can be as tall as 2 ½ stories

These styles emerged after colonies and states were formed and housing was improved. These styles emerged after colonies and states were formed and housing was improved. Materials were better quality and European floor plans were available. Materials were better quality and European floor plans were available. Include Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Southern Colonial and Victorian Include Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Southern Colonial and Victorian

Became popular when Kings George I, II and III ruled England. Became popular when Kings George I, II and III ruled England. Have windows with small panes of glass and gable or hip roofs. Have windows with small panes of glass and gable or hip roofs. Hip roofs have sloping ends and sides and often a flat roof. Hip roofs have sloping ends and sides and often a flat roof. Sometimes the roof has a balustrade or railing called a widow’s walk. Sometimes the roof has a balustrade or railing called a widow’s walk. There is usually a chimney at both ends and some ornamentation under the roof. There is usually a chimney at both ends and some ornamentation under the roof.

Federal These houses have a box like shape These houses have a box like shape Symmetrical Symmetrical At least 2 stories high At least 2 stories high Roof is flat with a surrounding balustrade Roof is flat with a surrounding balustrade Sometimes there is a portico Sometimes there is a portico Portico- an open space covered with a roof that is supported with columns Portico- an open space covered with a roof that is supported with columns There are also pediments There are also pediments Pediments- architectural roof- like decorations found over a portico, window or door Pediments- architectural roof- like decorations found over a portico, window or door These can be segmental or triangular These can be segmental or triangular

Greek Revival 2 story portico 2 story portico Portico is supported by Greek columns Portico is supported by Greek columns Columns have a large triangular pediment Columns have a large triangular pediment Houses are usually large Houses are usually large

Southern Colonial Similar to Greek revival Similar to Greek revival 2-3 story home that is symmetrical 2-3 story home that is symmetrical 2 story columns extend across the entire front of the home 2 story columns extend across the entire front of the home The roof style is hip or gable The roof style is hip or gable Dormers, shutters and a belvedere are often included Dormers, shutters and a belvedere are often included Belvedere- small room on the roof of the house used as a look out Belvedere- small room on the roof of the house used as a look out

Victorian Named after Queen Victoria of England Named after Queen Victoria of England Lots of decorative trim Lots of decorative trim High porches High porches Steep gable roof Steep gable roof Tall windows Tall windows High ceilings High ceilings Turret- a small tower Turret- a small tower Gingerbread- scrolls and other decorative trim made from wood Gingerbread- scrolls and other decorative trim made from wood Can be found under eves, around doors and windows