1 Human Use of Resources S8.B S8.D.1.2.1,2 Unit 2 Lesson 7 Unit 4 Lesson 4

2 Renewable Resources Can be replaced within a human lifetime Examples include: Plants (trees) Animals Water Sunlight Wind Fertile soil

3 Nonrenewable Resources Cannot be replaced in a human lifetime Examples include: 1.Fossil Fuels (coal,oil, natural gas)natural gas Take millions of years to form on Earth 2.Metals (Uranium, iron, gold, silver, aluminum etc.) Cannot be replaced once removed from Earth Shale DrillingShale Drilling video Marcelllus shale LP’s on shale

4 Formation of Fossil Fuels

Mining –Process of removing non-living natural resources from earth coal is commonly mined in PA –Some materials are found as pure materials underground (coal, gold, silver)gold –Most materials that are mined are ores ores- rock or mineral that contains high amounts of a useful substance –Example is Bauxite- made of Al and O 5 Prospecting –Process of determining where natural resources are in the Earth before building a mine Study geological maps Study rocks and minerals in an area Drilling Coal mine tour Common ores

6 Problems with Using Resources 1.Mining  Accidents click me Chili why explosions click meChiliwhy explosions  Abandoned mines can cause water pollution  Creating mines destroys habitats for organisms  Reclamation- After mining, returning land to its original state 2.Oil Pumps can break 3.Oil spills click me or meclick meme 4.Burning Fossil Fuels causes pollution and Global Warming 5.Resource Depletion- using renewable resources faster than they can be replaced. Over-fishing Deforestation Knox Mine Disaster knox

7 Disposing of Our Resources 1.Landfills are being filled much faster than trash is decomposingLandfills –55% of US trash ends up in landfills (125 million tons) –Harmful materials can leak into groundwater –Incomplete decomposition –Production of methane gas 2. Incineration- burning trash prevents large amounts of trash piling in landfills About 12% of U.S. trash Contributes to air pollution Landfill video clip Parts of a landfill

8 Disposing of Our Resources Recycling- Taking materials from old products and using them to make new products Composting- a form of recycling in which people mix organic wastes (fruits, vegetables, leaves, wood) with soil and allow decomposers to break down the materials - Creates a nutrient-rich soil (Compost) Home Compost! 33% of U.S. trash is recycled or composted Recycling Compost

9 Problem With Agriculture and Using Resources 1.Repeatedly planting same crops in same soil depletes soil of its nutrients Chemical fertilizers help add nutrients to the soil »Chemicals can runoff into water systems and pollute aquatic ecosystems Crop Rotation involves planting different crops in a field in different years or different times of the year »Helps add a variety of nutrients to the soil »Is a more environmentally friendly solution to keeping soil fertile

Problem With Agriculture and Using Resources 2.Clearing land to grow crops destroys habitats and biodiversity 3.Irrigation harms ecosystems by using up fresh water that organisms need 4.Machines to plant, harvest, and transport crops run off fossil fuels The Manufacturing of products from raw materials uses up lots of electricity and fossil fuels 10

11 Controlling Pests in Agriculture Many pests (rodents, insects, fungi) damage crops. Chemical Pesticides are often used. –Are toxic to organisms other than the ones they target –Can make their way into aquatic ecosystems –Insects can become immune to them Integrated Pest Management (IPM) using a combination of pest management techniques in order to protect crops while minimizing the negative effects 1.Introduce Natural PredatorsNatural Predators 2.Genetically engineer crops to produce harmful chemicals 3.Chemical Pesticides