Canada’s Landform Regions Video 1. What covers much of the Precambrian Shield? 2. What covers the rock as you move North toward the tree line? 3. The Precambrian Shield covers what percentage or fraction of Canada as a whole? 4. How were the plains areas formed? 5. How far down would you go to reach bedrock in the Plains? 6. The Regina Plains were once at the bottom of what feature? 7. What mountains are part of the Cordilleran region? 8. What is the climate like on the West Coast? 9. How are the mountain peaks emerging on the West Coast? 10. How do we know the Arctic Mountains are quite old? 11. What is the appearance of the Appalachian Mountain range on the East Coast now?

Canada’s Landform Regions Project Describe your landform region based on the following characteristics: Location Age Physical features of the land Climate Vegetation Wildlife Population Explain how your landform region was created. (i.e. What processes were involved) You are to include a pictorial representation of your landform (10 pictures minimum.) You are to use minimum 2 resources (textbook counts as 1 resource) Please reference information

Appalachians Maritime provinces Population is mainly along rivers and seacoasts Rounded hills, forest, deep soil Asbestos, coal, salt

Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Lowlands Smallest landform region Canada’s ‘heartland” (2/3 of population lives here) Rolling hills, flat areas Agriculture

Precambrian Shield Large mass of rocks at or near the surface Covers half of Canada Nickel, gold, silver, diamond, copper

Great Plains Stretch from Ontario to Rockies Not completely flat Rich soil for farming “Canada’s Breadbasket” Natural gas and oil

Northern Mountains Least settled area Little vegetation, very rocky Buried under ice sheets Oil resources and diamond mining

Western Cordillera Highest and most rugged Separated B.C. From the ‘mainland’ Sparsely populated Two main ranges (Eastern and Coastal Mts.)

Weather and Climate Terms: Weather Climate Acid rain Radiation Atmosphere Meteorologist Mean monthly temperature Mean daily temperature Climatologist Precipitation Mean Snow Sleet Hail Annual Temperature Range Total monthly Precipitation Total Annual Precipitation

Weather and Climate Weather – day to day characteristics of the atmosphere Climate – weather conditions of a place averages over a long period of time. “Climate is what we expect. Weather is what we get.”

Canada has a lot of weather. Why? Size of the country Different elevations produce different climate conditions Coastal regions have different climates from inland regions Wind and Air Currents move the weather conditions across the country.

Class work: 1. Describe the weather today. 2. Describe the climate of our area (Oromocto). 3. Can you predict tomorrow’s weather based on what you know about the climate? Explain. Read pages Answer questions 1-3 on page 49.

Soils of Canada Text pgs Complete the new words to know. Questions: 1. What are 5 things soil must contain? 2. Why is humus vital to soil? 3. What is the role of bacteria in the soil? 4. What are the three horizons of a soil profile? 5. Why is agriculture almost impossible in the tundra areas? 6. Why are boreal forest soils infertile? 7. What happens to the colour of soil when the humus content increases? Why? 8. Why is the following statement true: “Humus is the most important part of the soil.? Explain your answer.